DeGree C E, Snyder C R
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1985 Jun;48(6):1512-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.48.6.1512.
We investigated the hypothesis that the reporting of a history of traumatic life events may serve as a strategy to control attributions about performance in an evaluative setting (i.e., self-handicapping). Following from Alfred Adler's early theorization in the psychology of use, as well as more recent theory and research on self-handicapping, we predicted that individuals would emphasize the adversity of events and experiences in their background when an uncertain evaluation was expected and when a traumatic background would serve as a suitable excuse for potential failure. Results generally supported the hypothesized self-protective reporting of traumatic life events.
我们研究了这样一种假设，即报告创伤性生活事件史可能是一种在评估环境中控制对表现的归因的策略（即自我设限）。基于阿尔弗雷德·阿德勒早期在实用心理学方面的理论，以及关于自我设限的最新理论和研究，我们预测，当预期会有不确定的评估，且创伤性背景可作为潜在失败的合适借口时，个体将会强调其背景中事件和经历的逆境。研究结果总体上支持了关于创伤性生活事件的自我保护性报告这一假设。
