Are Asthma and COPD Risk Factors for Poor Outcomes in COVID-19? A Single-center Observational Study in the South of Iran.

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are prevalent chronic respiratory conditions that may impact clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of asthma and COPD on the outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This retrospective observational study, conducted in 2021 at Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran, included 1777 COVID-19 patients. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and clinical parameters were retrieved from the hospital's COVID-19 registry. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of asthma and COPD on clinical outcomes. Asthma was diagnosed in 83 patients (4.7%) and COPD in 19 patients (1.0%), with a mean age of 50.5 ± 17.5 years. The mortality rate was highest in the COPD group (31.6%), followed by the asthma group (20.5%) and the group without obstructive diseases (13.5%). No significant differences were found in intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, or mortality associated with asthma or COPD. Age and comorbidities were significant factors influencing mortality. This study found no significant impact of asthma or COPD on ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or mortality rates among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.