Zulfakhar Zubir M, A N Aizuddin, Rizal Abdul Manaf Mohd, Aziz Harith A, Ihsanuddin Abas M, Izyami Kayat Maizatul, Firdaus M Radi M, Norehan Merican Mas, Fitra Nurcholisah, M Ali Affendi, Ain Shameera Syed Rusli Sharifah
Medical Development Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Health Econ Rev. 2025 Apr 11;15(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s13561-025-00624-9.
One of the most important ways to boost the health system's performance and lower the rising cost of healthcare is to increase its efficiency. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the MOH in providing public health services and to gauge the progress of health plans in Malaysia.
Three output variables (number of admissions, number of outpatient attendances, and number of maternal and child health attendances) and six input variables (budget allocation, number of doctors, dentists, pharmacists, nurses, and community nurses) were used in a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Window Analysis. Eight input-output models' bias-corrected efficiency scores were obtained using bootstrapping.
Ministry level in public health service.
28 Decision making units (DMUs) from 1995 to 2022.
Robust performance over the study period was shown by the mean bias-corrected efficiency score of 0.974 (95% CI: 0.907-0.989) under the Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) model. Lower Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) model scores, on the other hand, draw attention to scale-level inefficiencies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, efficiency decreased due to higher input demands and limited outputs.
Although MOH has attained a high level of technological efficiency, expanding operations and resolving inequalities in rural areas remain difficult. Targeted tactics including telemedicine adoption, resource redistribution, and a move towards preventive treatment are advised in order to improve fairness and resilience.
提高卫生系统绩效和降低不断上涨的医疗成本的最重要方法之一是提高其效率。本研究的目的是评估马来西亚卫生部提供公共卫生服务的效率，并衡量卫生计划的进展情况。
在数据包络分析（DEA）窗口分析中使用了三个产出变量（住院人数、门诊就诊人数以及母婴健康就诊人数）和六个投入变量（预算分配、医生、牙医、药剂师、护士和社区护士的数量）。使用自抽样法获得了八个投入产出模型的偏差校正效率得分。
公共卫生服务中的部级层面。
1995年至2022年的28个决策单元（DMU）。
在可变规模报酬（VRS）模型下，平均偏差校正效率得分为0.974（95%置信区间：0.907 - 0.989），表明在研究期间表现稳健。另一方面，较低的固定规模报酬（CRS）模型得分则凸显了规模层面的低效率。在新冠疫情期间，由于更高的投入需求和有限的产出，效率有所下降。
尽管马来西亚卫生部已达到较高的技术效率水平，但扩大业务范围和解决农村地区的不平等问题仍然困难。建议采取包括采用远程医疗、资源重新分配以及转向预防性治疗等有针对性的策略，以提高公平性和恢复力。
