Gay J D, Abell T L, Thompson J H, Loth V
Mayo Clin Proc. 1985 Aug;60(8):523-30. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60569-2.
Recently, Entamoeba polecki was identified for the first time in our parasitology laboratory in stool specimens from eight Southeast Asian refugees. This ameba has been reported infrequently in the Western world; most reported cases have been from the New Guinea region. In most previously described patients and in our patients, no definite gastrointestinal symptoms could be directly attributed to E. polecki infection. Morphologically, E. polecki may mimic the pathogen E. histolytica and also nonpathogens such as E. coli. These species are most readily distinguished by studying encysted forms. In contrast to E. histolytica and E. coli, E. polecki characteristically has uninucleate cysts. Both pigs and monkeys naturally harbor E. polecki, but four of the patients in this series had no apparent contact with these animals. Other modes of infection may be human-to-human transmission or acquisition from other domestic animals. Six of our eight patients were treated successfully with one course of metronidazole in a regimen similar to that used for E. histolytica infection. In the two other patients, repeated courses of therapy eradicated the infection. Because of the recent increase in number of Southeast Asian immigrants to the United States, E. polecki may be identified more frequently than in the past. Physicians and laboratory personnel should be familiar with this organism, because it may be confused with E. histolytica or may act as a pathogen.
最近，我们寄生虫学实验室首次在8名东南亚难民的粪便标本中发现了波列基内阿米巴。这种阿米巴在西方世界报道较少；大多数报告病例来自新几内亚地区。在大多数先前描述的患者以及我们的患者中，没有明确的胃肠道症状可直接归因于波列基内阿米巴感染。从形态学上看，波列基内阿米巴可能与病原体溶组织内阿米巴相似，也可能与非病原体如大肠埃希菌相似。通过研究包囊形式最容易区分这些种类。与溶组织内阿米巴和大肠埃希菌不同，波列基内阿米巴的特征是单核包囊。猪和猴自然感染波列基内阿米巴，但该系列中的4名患者与这些动物无明显接触。其他感染途径可能是人际传播或从其他家畜感染。我们8名患者中的6名接受了一个疗程的甲硝唑治疗，治疗方案与溶组织内阿米巴感染的治疗方案相似，治疗成功。另外2名患者经反复疗程治疗后感染得以根除。由于最近美国东南亚移民数量增加，波列基内阿米巴的发现可能比过去更频繁。医生和实验室工作人员应该熟悉这种生物体，因为它可能与溶组织内阿米巴混淆，或者可能是病原体。
