Draudvilienė Lina, Draudvila Justas, Stankevičiūtė Simona, Daniusevičiūtė-Brazaitė Laura
Ultrasound Research Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Applied Biology and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Children (Basel). 2024 Jun 28;11(7):798. doi: 10.3390/children11070798.
This study presents two simple physiotherapy programs that were implemented for five weeks and showed positive changes in balance, coordination, and motor skills in kindergarteners with ASD. Physiotherapy programs in a gym and games on a smart board with balance plates and an unstable base were applied to improve the physical condition of children with ASD. Thirty children with ASD (4-6 years old) attending special needs kindergarten were enrolled in the study. Three tests were used to assess participants' physical condition before and after the study: the modified Berg Balance Scale, the Imbalance Coordination Sample, and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test (BOTMP). The resulting mean change, calculated from each group's scores, shows that the participants who received physical therapy sessions at the smart board had the greatest change of 1.58 points. It shows that the opportunity to play games on a smart board motivates children with ASD to work harder; therefore, it is a simple and easy way to engage children in different types of physical exercise. A slightly smaller change of 1.51 was obtained in the group that received gym sessions. However, working in the gym was more psychologically challenging for the children with ASD due to their lack of desire and motivation. Both methods are relatively simple and easy to apply at home; therefore, parents can make a significant contribution to improving children's physical condition and that can be an effective tool to assist these individuals with activities in daily life.
本研究提出了两个简单的物理治疗方案，实施了五周，结果显示患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的幼儿园儿童在平衡、协调和运动技能方面有积极变化。在健身房进行的物理治疗方案以及在智能板上结合平衡板和不稳定基座进行的游戏，被用于改善患有ASD儿童的身体状况。30名就读于特殊需求幼儿园的4至6岁ASD儿童参与了该研究。在研究前后使用了三项测试来评估参与者的身体状况：改良版伯格平衡量表、不平衡协调样本测试以及布鲁宁克斯-奥塞瑞斯基运动技能测试（BOTMP）。根据每组分数计算得出的平均变化结果显示，在智能板上接受物理治疗课程的参与者变化最大，为1.58分。这表明在智能板上玩游戏的机会能激励患有ASD的儿童更加努力；因此，这是让儿童参与不同类型体育锻炼的一种简单易行的方式。接受健身房课程的组变化略小，为1.51分。然而，由于缺乏意愿和动力，在健身房锻炼对患有ASD的儿童在心理上更具挑战性。这两种方法在家中应用都相对简单易行；因此，家长可以在改善孩子身体状况方面发挥重要作用，这可以成为帮助这些个体进行日常生活活动的有效工具。
