de Godoy Célia Cristina Franco, Lima Anacleta Rodrigues, Hino Paula, Taminato Mônica, Okuno Meiry Fernanda Pinto, Fernandes Hugo
Department of Public Health, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Apr 11;24(1):410. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03004-0.
Burnout syndrome is characterized by intense physical and psychological exhaustion related to work. Many professionals are exposed to this condition, but nursing workers stand out. Working in primary healthcare requires a lot of attention and constant demands that can lead to exhaustion and thus make them more vulnerable to occupational accidents. This study aimed to map the profile and summarize the available scientific evidence on burnout syndrome and its relationship with accidents among primary health care nursing workers, as well as ways of coping.
A scoping review was carried out in the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science (WoS), Excerpa Medica DataBASE (Embase), PsycINFO-APA PsycNET (American Psychological Association) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) databases, published in Portuguese, Spanish, or English, without a time frame. Partial research reports, editorials and response letters were excluded.
A total of 872 articles were found from primary sources and 11 from references cited in articles. After selection and application of eligibility criteria, a sample of 11 materials was obtained. The studies showed convergence in some findings that were grouped into the following categories: Profile and risk factors for occupational accidents associated with burnout; Risks and harm to patients; and Strategies for coping with and reducing accidents associated with burnout.
The materials were published mainly in English, produced in various regions of the world and using different methods. Primary healthcare nursing professionals providing direct patient care, with less experience and with a medium level of education were those who most frequently reported accidents resulting from burnout. Accidents involving biological and chemical materials were the most frequent and were associated with the need for very quick decision-making, little training, excessive demands and long working hours. There were repercussions on patient safety and accidents further aggravated the feeling of professional burnout. Coping measures include the use of stress and fatigue measurement instruments, training to reduce accidents and internet-based interventions. The studies' methodological quality suggests the need for more in-depth experimental research to suggest more assertive evidence.
职业倦怠综合征的特征是与工作相关的强烈身心疲惫。许多专业人员都面临这种情况，但护理人员尤为突出。在初级卫生保健领域工作需要高度关注且要求不断，这可能导致疲惫，从而使他们更容易遭遇职业事故。本研究旨在梳理初级卫生保健护理人员职业倦怠综合征的概况，总结关于该综合征及其与事故之间关系的现有科学证据，以及应对方法。
在国立医学图书馆（PubMed）、护理学与健康相关文献累积索引数据库（CINAHL）、科学引文索引数据库（Web of Science，WoS）、医学文摘数据库（Excerpa Medica DataBASE，Embase）、心理学文摘数据库 - 美国心理学会心理学网络数据库（PsycINFO - APA PsycNET，美国心理学会）以及拉丁美洲和加勒比地区健康科学文献数据库（LILACS）中进行了一项范围综述，纳入以葡萄牙语、西班牙语或英语发表的文献，无时间限制。排除部分研究报告、社论和回复信件。
从原始资料中共找到872篇文章，从文章引用的参考文献中找到11篇。经过筛选和应用纳入标准后，获得了11份材料样本。研究在一些结果上呈现出趋同性，这些结果分为以下几类：与职业倦怠相关的职业事故的概况和风险因素；对患者的风险和危害；以及应对和减少与职业倦怠相关事故的策略。
这些材料主要以英文发表，来自世界不同地区，采用了不同方法。提供直接患者护理、经验较少且教育水平中等的初级卫生保健护理专业人员是最常报告因职业倦怠导致事故的群体。涉及生物和化学材料的事故最为常见，且与需要快速决策、培训不足、要求过高和工作时间过长有关。这对患者安全产生了影响，而事故进一步加剧了职业倦怠感。应对措施包括使用压力和疲劳测量工具、减少事故的培训以及基于互联网的干预措施。研究的方法学质量表明需要进行更深入的实验研究以提供更确凿的证据。
