Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Oct 21;23(1):769. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05277-8.
Nurses' Job performance could be affected by occupational stress. Previous studies reported contradictory results in this regard. Factors such as moral and emotional intelligence could impact occupational stress. However, the extent of any mediating effect is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of occupational stress on nurses' Job performance and the mediating impact of moral and emotional intelligence.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Urmia teaching hospitals (Imam Khomeini, Motahari, Taleghani, Kosar, and Seyed al-Shohada Hospitals). Six hundred twenty-one nurses were selected using quota sampling from February 2022 to April 2022. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, the Nursing Stress Scale, Paterson's Job Performance Questionnaire, Siberia Schering's Emotional Intelligence Standard Questionnaire, and Lennik and Keil's Moral Intelligence Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 23 and SmartPLS ver. 2.
Occupational stress had a positive, direct, and minor effect on nurses' job performance (β = 0.088, t-value = 2.245, p < 0.01). Occupational stress had a positive and direct impact on moral intelligence (β = 0.161, t-value = 2.945, p < 0.01) and a negative and direct effect on emotional intelligence (β = -0.351, t-value = 7.484, p < 0.01). Occupational stress negatively and indirectly affected job performance through moral intelligence (β =-0.560, t-value = 14.773, p < 0.01). Occupational stress also positively and indirectly impacted job performance through emotional intelligence (β = 0.098, t-value = 2.177, p < 0.01).
Occupational stress slightly affects nurses' job performance, and emotional and moral intelligence mediates the impact of occupational stress and improves nurses' job performance. Low occupational stress improves nurses' job performance, but too much occupational stress could harm nurses' job performance. Healthcare administrators should work to help reduce nurses' occupational stress and improve their job performance by adopting practical strategies to help nurses manage and control their stress. Holding stress reduction classes, eliminating the nursing shortage, reducing working hours, reducing workload, and providing financial and spiritual support to nurses would be recommended. It is also recommended to provide theoretical and practical emotional and moral intelligence-oriented courses for nursing students and hold training workshops for nurses to improve their emotional and moral intelligence.
护士的工作表现可能会受到职业压力的影响。以往的研究在这方面得出了相互矛盾的结果。道德和情绪智力等因素可能会影响职业压力。然而，其介导作用的程度尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在确定职业压力对护士工作表现的影响，以及道德和情绪智力的中介作用。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2022 年 2 月至 4 月在乌尔米亚教学医院（伊玛目霍梅尼、莫塔哈里、塔莱加尼、科萨尔和赛义德·舒赫拉达医院）进行。采用配额抽样法选取 621 名护士作为研究对象。使用人口统计学问卷、护理压力量表、帕特森工作绩效问卷、西伯利亚舍林情绪智力标准问卷和伦尼克和凯尔道德智力问卷收集数据。使用 SPSS 版本 23 和 SmartPLS 版本 2 对数据进行分析。
职业压力对护士的工作表现有正向、直接、轻微的影响（β=0.088，t 值=2.245，p<0.01）。职业压力对道德智力有正向、直接的影响（β=0.161，t 值=2.945，p<0.01），对情绪智力有负向、直接的影响（β=-0.351，t 值=7.484，p<0.01）。职业压力通过道德智力对工作表现产生负向、间接影响（β=-0.560，t 值=14.773，p<0.01）。职业压力也通过情绪智力对工作表现产生正向、间接影响（β=0.098，t 值=2.177，p<0.01）。
职业压力对护士的工作表现有轻微影响，情绪智力和道德智力中介了职业压力对工作表现的影响，从而提高了护士的工作表现。低职业压力可提高护士的工作表现，但过高的职业压力可能会对护士的工作表现造成损害。医疗保健管理人员应通过采取切实可行的策略，帮助护士管理和控制压力，从而帮助减轻护士的职业压力，提高其工作表现。建议开设减压课程、消除护理短缺、减少工作时间、减轻工作负荷、为护士提供经济和精神支持。还建议为护理学生提供理论和实践导向的情绪智力和道德智力课程，并为护士举办培训研讨会，以提高他们的情绪和道德智力。
