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灰尘和湿气表面污染物对汽车雷达传感器频率的影响。

Effects of Dust and Moisture Surface Contaminants on Automotive Radar Sensor Frequencies.

作者信息

Kang Jeongmin, Hamidi Oskar, Vanäs Karl, Eidevåg Tobias, Nilsson Emil, Friel Ross

机构信息

School of Information Technology, Halmstad University, 30118 Halmstad, Sweden.

Volvo Car Corporation, 41878 Gothenburg, Sweden.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2025 Mar 30;25(7):2192. doi: 10.3390/s25072192.

DOI:10.3390/s25072192
PMID:40218705
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11991060/
Abstract

Perception and sensing of the surrounding environment are crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous driving systems. A key issue is securing sensor reliability from sensors mounted on the vehicle and obtaining accurate raw data. Surface contamination in front of a sensor typically occurs due to adverse weather conditions or particulate matter on the road, which can degrade system reliability depending on sensor placement and surrounding bodywork geometry. Moreover, the moisture content of dust contaminants can cause surface adherence, making it more likely to persist on a vertical sensor surface compared to moisture only. In this work, a 76-81 GHz radar sensor, a 72-82 GHz automotive radome tester, a 60-90 GHz vector network analyzer system, and a 76-81 GHz radar target simulator setup were used in combination with a representative polypropylene plate that was purposefully contaminated with a varying range of water and ISO standard dust combinations; this was used to determine any signal attenuation and subsequent impact on target detection. The results show that the water content in dust contaminants significantly affects radar signal transmission and object detection performance, with higher water content levels causing increased signal attenuation, impacting detection capability across all tested scenarios.

摘要

对周围环境的感知和传感对于确保自动驾驶系统的安全至关重要。一个关键问题是确保安装在车辆上的传感器的可靠性，并获得准确的原始数据。传感器前方的表面污染通常是由于恶劣天气条件或道路上的颗粒物引起的，这可能会根据传感器的位置和周围车身几何形状降低系统可靠性。此外，灰尘污染物中的水分含量会导致表面附着，与仅含水分相比，使其更有可能持续存在于垂直传感器表面上。在这项工作中，将一个76 - 81 GHz雷达传感器、一个72 - 82 GHz汽车雷达罩测试仪、一个60 - 90 GHz矢量网络分析仪系统和一个76 - 81 GHz雷达目标模拟器装置与一块代表性的聚丙烯板结合使用，该板被故意用不同范围的水和ISO标准灰尘组合进行污染；这被用于确定任何信号衰减以及对目标检测的后续影响。结果表明，灰尘污染物中的水分含量显著影响雷达信号传输和目标检测性能，水分含量越高，信号衰减越大，在所有测试场景中都会影响检测能力。

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