Pérez-Zarate Luis A, Martínez-Hernández Aída, Osorio-Acosta Francisco, García-Pérez Eliseo, Morales-Trejo Fredy, Villanueva-Jiménez Juan A
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Veracruz, Km. 88.5 Carretera Fed. Xalapa-Veracruz, Manlio F. Altamirano, Veracruz 91690, Mexico.
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Campeche, Carretera Haltún-Edzná Km 17.5, Sihochac, Champotón, Campeche 24450, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Apr 1;14(7):1086. doi: 10.3390/plants14071086.
Huanglongbing disease (HLB), caused by Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), affects all commercial citrus species. Persian lime ( Tanaka), a crop of global economic importance, has shown tolerance to this disease. Efforts are focused on extending the productive life of diseased trees through effective agronomic management. This study aimed to evaluate how different fertilization strategies influence the physiological and hormonal responses of on both healthy and HLB-affected plants. It compared the effects of low (Ma-1), medium (Ma-2), and high (Ma-3) doses of macronutrients, with and without the addition of micronutrients (Mi-1), using either soil (Mi-2) or foliar (Mi-3) applications. Treatments were applied every 18 days for one year. showed tolerance; however, HLB infection negatively affected growth parameters, photosynthetic activity, vascular bundle anatomy, reflectance at 550 and 790 nm, carbohydrate metabolism, and the concentration of salicylic acid and its biosynthetic precursors. The hormonal response showed higher levels of benzoic acid and lower levels of salicylic acid than those reported in susceptible citrus. Plants treated with low doses of macronutrients along with soil-applied micronutrients (Ma-1 + Mi-2) showed a 17.9% increase in growth, a 31.3% larger canopy volume, and an 83.3% reduction in starch accumulation compared to the treatment with high doses of macronutrients and both soil and foliar applied micronutrients (Ma-3 + Mi-3). These findings indicate that split soil fertilization with low-dose macronutrients and micronutrients might influence plant physiological responses, potentially improving disease management and decreasing fertilizer inputs.
黄龙病（HLB）由亚洲韧皮杆菌（Las）引起，会影响所有商业柑橘品种。波斯青柠（田中）作为具有全球经济重要性的作物，已表现出对这种疾病的耐受性。目前的工作重点是通过有效的农艺管理来延长患病树木的生产寿命。本研究旨在评估不同施肥策略如何影响健康和受HLB影响的植物的生理和激素反应。它比较了低（Ma-1）、中（Ma-2）和高（Ma-3）剂量大量元素，以及添加和不添加微量元素（分别为Mi-1），采用土壤施肥（Mi-2）或叶面施肥（Mi-3）的效果。处理每18天进行一次，持续一年。结果表明，波斯青柠具有耐受性；然而，HLB感染对生长参数、光合活性、维管束解剖结构、550和790纳米处的反射率、碳水化合物代谢以及水杨酸及其生物合成前体的浓度产生了负面影响。激素反应显示，与易感柑橘相比，苯甲酸水平较高，水杨酸水平较低。与高剂量大量元素以及土壤和叶面都施用微量元素（Ma-3 + Mi-3）的处理相比，低剂量大量元素与土壤施用微量元素（Ma-1 + Mi-2）处理的植物生长增加了17.9%，树冠体积增大了31.3%，淀粉积累减少了83.3%。这些发现表明，低剂量大量元素和微量元素的分次土壤施肥可能会影响植物生理反应，有可能改善病害管理并减少肥料投入。
