Zhong Peng, Hu Xiaodan, Wang Zhenzhou
Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2025 Apr 18;57(2):262-266. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2025.02.006.
To observe the dynamic changes of microvascular injury and repair in the penumbra of traumatic brain injury (TBI) rats with effective cerebral perfusion microvascular imaging using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Transparent closed cranial windows were placed in craniotomy rats after TBI caused by weight drop. All the rats in TBI group and control group underwent head MRI examination on the first postoperative day, and the changes of cerebral cortical microvessel density were measured by OCTA through cranial windows on d0, d2, d4, d6, and d8. On the second day after the operation, the same number of rats in the two groups were selected to complete the immunohistochemical staining of brain tissue with pimonidazole, an indicator of hypoxia.
MRI T2W1 and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that edema and hypoxia in the traumatic brain tissue extended deeply throughout the entire cortex. OCTA showed that the cortical surface veins of the rats in both groups were significantly dilated and tortuous after operation, and recovered to the postoperative day level on d8. The effective perfusion microvessel density of the rats in both groups gradually recovered after a temporary decrease, and the TBI group decreased from 39.38%±4.48% on d0 to 27.84%±6.01% on d2, which was significantly lower than that on d0, d6, and d8 ( < 0.05). The highest value was 61.71%±7.69% on d8, which was significantly higher than that on d0, d2, and d4 ( < 0.05). The control group decreased from 44.59%±7.78% on d0 to 36.69%±5.49% on d2, which was significantly lower than that on d0, d6, and d8 ( < 0.05). The highest value was 51.92%±5.96% on d8, which was significantly higher than that on d2, and d4 ( < 0.05). Comparing the two groups, the effective perfusion microvessel density in the TBI group was significantly lower than that in the control group on d2 (=0.021), and significantly higher than that in the control group on d8 (=0.030).
OCTA can be used as a method of imaging and measurement of effective perfusion microvessels in the injured cerebral cortex of TBI rats. After TBI, the effective perfusion microvessel density in the wound penumbra gradually recovered after decreasing, and increased significantly on d8.
采用光学相干断层扫描血管造影（OCTA）技术，通过有效的脑灌注微血管成像观察创伤性脑损伤（TBI）大鼠半暗带微血管损伤及修复的动态变化。
对重物打击致TBI的大鼠行开颅术并放置透明闭合式颅骨视窗。TBI组和对照组所有大鼠均在术后第1天行头部MRI检查，并于术后第0、2、4、6和8天通过颅骨视窗用OCTA测量大脑皮质微血管密度变化。术后第2天，从两组中选取相同数量的大鼠，用缺氧指示剂匹莫硝唑完成脑组织免疫组化染色。
MRI T2WI和免疫组化染色显示，创伤性脑组织中的水肿和缺氧在整个皮质深层广泛存在。OCTA显示，两组大鼠术后皮质表面静脉均显著扩张、迂曲，并于术后第8天恢复至术后第0天水平。两组大鼠有效灌注微血管密度在短暂降低后逐渐恢复，TBI组从术后第0天的39.38%±4.48%降至术后第2天的27.84%±6.01%，显著低于术后第0、6和8天（P<0.05），术后第8天最高，为61.71%±7.69%，显著高于术后第0、2和4天（P<0.05）。对照组从术后第0天的44.59%±7.78%降至术后第2天的36.69%±5.49%，显著低于术后第0、6和8天（P<0.05），术后第8天最高，为51.92%±5.96%，显著高于术后第2和4天（P<0.05）。两组比较，TBI组术后第2天有效灌注微血管密度显著低于对照组（P=0.021），术后第8天显著高于对照组（P=0.030）。
OCTA可作为TBI大鼠损伤大脑皮质有效灌注微血管成像及测量的方法。TBI后，创伤半暗带有效灌注微血管密度降低后逐渐恢复，术后第8天显著升高。
