Keskin Yıldız Melis, Atay Gamze, Mergen Esra Kutsal, Aksoy Songül, Böke Bilgehan
Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2025 Apr 12. doi: 10.1007/s00405-025-09355-3.
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common childhood diseases. It is recommended to use tympanometry in addition to otoscopy and/or pneumatic otoscopy for the diagnosis and follow-up of OME. Clinitians are using Wideband absorbance (WBA), which is one of the methods of evaluating the middle ear in the diagnosis of OME, more widely.
The relationship between the changes in the examination findings obtained by otoscopy and pneumatic otoscopy and the findings of WBA in the monthly follow-ups performed during the three-month period of children diagnosed with OME, was examined. In the study, 48 ears of 26 individuals aged 24-71 month who were diagnosed with OME were evaluated. Otoscopy, pneumatic otoscopy, 226 Hz tympanometry and WBA measurements were performed at the initial, first, second and third month examinations. The relationship between the difference between consecutive measurements was examined because it was thought that consecutive measurements might be more significant in the relationship between measurements. The Spearman test was used to determine whether there was a relationship between WBA and otoscopic and pneumatic otoscopic examination results. For assessing parameters where there was a significant difference between the groups compared, the variables were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance. The Dunn test was used for post hoc testing.
The change observed with both otoscopy and pneumatic otoscopy between the initial and first month control could not be adequately determined by 226 Hz tympanometry, but the change in the amount absorbance at 2520 Hz and 3175 Hz was moderately correlated with the examination findings. However, it was observed that the change between the first and the second follow-up examinations was significant at the frequency range of 226-630 Hz in WBA and the change between the second and third months was significant at the frequency range of 226-4000 Hz in WBA.
The findings obtained in the study show that, 226 Hz tympanometry may be insufficient to reflect the change in examination findings while WBA can provide more detailed information to support the examination findings during the follow-up period as well as the diagnosis of OME.
中耳积液性中耳炎（OME）是儿童最常见的疾病之一。对于OME的诊断和随访，除耳镜检查和/或鼓气耳镜检查外，建议使用鼓室导抗图。临床医生越来越广泛地使用宽带吸收率（WBA），这是评估中耳在OME诊断中的方法之一。
研究了在诊断为OME的儿童三个月期间每月随访中，耳镜检查和鼓气耳镜检查获得的检查结果变化与WBA结果之间的关系。在该研究中，对26名年龄在24 - 71个月、诊断为OME的个体的48只耳朵进行了评估。在初始、第一个月、第二个月和第三个月检查时进行耳镜检查、鼓气耳镜检查、226Hz鼓室导抗图和WBA测量。由于认为连续测量在测量之间的关系中可能更具意义，因此检查了连续测量之间的差异关系。使用Spearman检验来确定WBA与耳镜检查和鼓气耳镜检查结果之间是否存在关系。对于评估比较组之间存在显著差异的参数，使用Kruskal-Wallis方差分析来评估变量。Dunn检验用于事后检验。
耳镜检查和鼓气耳镜检查在初始和第一个月对照之间观察到的变化，226Hz鼓室导抗图无法充分确定，但2520Hz和3175Hz处的吸收率变化与检查结果呈中度相关。然而，观察到在WBA中，第一次和第二次随访检查之间的变化在226 - 630Hz频率范围内显著，第二次和第三个月之间的变化在226 - 4000Hz频率范围内显著。
该研究获得的结果表明，226Hz鼓室导抗图可能不足以反映检查结果的变化，而WBA可以提供更详细的信息，以支持随访期间的检查结果以及OME的诊断。
