Carlon Hannah A, Hebden Hanna M, Christie Nina C, Tuchman Felicia R, Moniz-Lewis David I K, Boness Cassandra L, Witkiewitz Katie, Hurlocker Margo C
Center on Alcohol, Substance use, And Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale Blvd SE, MSC11-6280, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87106.
Center on Alcohol, Substance use, And Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale Blvd SE, MSC11-6280, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 87106.
Int J Drug Policy. 2025 Jun;140:104801. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.104801. Epub 2025 Apr 11.
BACKGROUND: Opioid overdose deaths are declining in the United States for the first time in over five years. These reductions are partially attributed to increasing availability of harm reduction services, but services remain poorly implemented. The framing of issues in news media shapes public sentiment and uptake of services in policy and practice. The aims of this study were to: (1) content analyze United States opinion news media to describe overall attitudes towards and stigmatizing language about harm reduction; and (2) critically analyze discourses underlying articles with respect to stigma and harm reduction support. METHODS: Thirty-nine opinion articles across 17 United States newspapers on harm reduction published between May 2023 and April 2024 were included. Targeted analyzed content included attitudes toward harm reduction and stigmatizing language. RESULTS: Most articles had positive attitudes (32/39; 82.1 %), only 5/39 articles (12.8 %) were negative; two were balanced. Over half (22/39; 56.4 %) included stigmatizing language. Critical discourse analysis revealed pro-harm reduction articles were tied together by several threads: harm reduction strategies are evidence-based, do not increase crime, decrease stigma and systemic oppression, and policy change is needed to improve implementation. Among anti-harm reduction articles, discourses included: discriminatory stereotypes to portray opioid use and harm reduction depicted as enabling substance use, equating opioid use with crime, and dismissing systemic injustices influenced by punitive drug policy. CONCLUSIONS: Contemporary United States opinion news media predominantly presents pro-harm reduction discourse, but often use stigmatizing language.
背景:美国阿片类药物过量致死人数在五年多来首次下降。这些减少部分归因于减少伤害服务的可及性增加,但服务的实施情况仍然不佳。新闻媒体对问题的框架塑造了公众情绪以及政策和实践中对服务的接受度。本研究的目的是:(1)对美国观点新闻媒体进行内容分析,以描述对减少伤害的总体态度和带有污名化的语言;(2)批判性地分析文章中关于污名和减少伤害支持的潜在话语。 方法:纳入了2023年5月至2024年4月期间美国17家报纸上发表的39篇关于减少伤害的观点文章。针对性分析的内容包括对减少伤害的态度和污名化语言。 结果:大多数文章持积极态度(32/39;82.1%),只有5/39篇文章(12.8%)持消极态度;两篇态度平衡。超过一半(22/39;56.4%)的文章包含污名化语言。批判性话语分析显示,支持减少伤害的文章通过几条线索联系在一起:减少伤害策略基于证据,不会增加犯罪,减少污名和系统性压迫,需要政策变革以改善实施。在反对减少伤害的文章中,话语包括:描绘阿片类药物使用的歧视性刻板印象以及将减少伤害描述为助长药物使用,将阿片类药物使用等同于犯罪,以及忽视受惩罚性毒品政策影响的系统性不公正。 结论:当代美国观点新闻媒体主要呈现支持减少伤害的话语,但经常使用污名化语言。
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