Abate Asnake Tadesse, Gedefaw Gezahagn Demsu, Kassahun Chanyalew Worku, Kelkay Mengistu Mekonnen
Department of Neonatal Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 12;15(1):12610. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-93042-0.
Thrombocytopenia is a common hematologic concern in neonates and can lead to severe complications, including significant bleeding particularly intracranial hemorrhage. This risk is especially critical in preterm infants or those with other coexisting conditions. While neonatal thrombocytopenia has been studied in some countries, there is limited data and understanding about its prevalence, and associated factors in resource-limited countries especially in Ethiopia. So this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with thrombocytopenia among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Northwest Amhara Region Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2022. Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 05 to November 03, 2022, and a systematic random sampling technique was used to select 423 study participants. Data were collected by interviewing mothers and reviewing neonates' medical records. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6.0 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used for analysis. P-value of less than 0.05 and odds ratio with 95% CI was used to declare the presence of association. A total of 415 neonate-mother pairs were involved with a response rate of 98.1%. The prevalence of thrombocytopenia among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit Is found to be 26.02%; [95% CI (22.01-30.48%)]. In the multivariable analysis severe pre-eclampsia (AOR = 2.84 95% CI 1.29-6.27), prolonged rupture of membrane (AOR = 2.85 95% CI 1.21-6.72), neonatal sepsis (AOR = 6.50 95% CI 3.58-11.79), perinatal asphyxia (AOR = 4.15 95% CI 1.97-8.76), and necrotizing enterocolitis (AOR = 3.71 95% CI 1.68-8.19) were significant factors to thrombocytopenia. To decrease the occurrence of neonatal thrombocytopenia better to give special attention and priority to neonates diagnosed with sepsis, perinatal asphyxia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and mothers who had prolonged rupture of membrane or severe pre-eclampsia.
血小板减少症是新生儿常见的血液学问题，可导致严重并发症，包括严重出血，尤其是颅内出血。这种风险在早产儿或患有其他并存疾病的婴儿中尤为关键。虽然一些国家对新生儿血小板减少症进行了研究，但在资源有限的国家，尤其是埃塞俄比亚，关于其患病率和相关因素的数据和了解有限。因此，本研究旨在评估2022年埃塞俄比亚西北部阿姆哈拉地区综合专科医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的新生儿中血小板减少症的患病率及其相关因素。采用基于机构的横断面研究设计，于2022年10月5日至11月3日进行，采用系统随机抽样技术选取423名研究参与者。通过访谈母亲和查阅新生儿病历收集数据。数据录入Epi-Data 4.6.0版本，并导出到STATA 14版本进行分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归模型进行分析。P值小于0.05且比值比为95%可信区间用于表明存在关联。共有415对新生儿-母亲参与，应答率为98.1%。新生儿重症监护病房收治的新生儿中血小板减少症的患病率为26.02%；[95%可信区间(22.01 - 30.48%)]。在多变量分析中，重度子痫前期（比值比=2.84，95%可信区间1.29 - 6.27）、胎膜早破（比值比=2.85，95%可信区间1.21 - 6.72）、新生儿败血症（比值比=6.50，95%可信区间3.58 - 11.79）、围产期窒息（比值比=4.15，95%可信区间1.97 - 8.76）和坏死性小肠结肠炎（比值比=3.71，95%可信区间1.68 - 8.19）是血小板减少症的重要因素。为降低新生儿血小板减少症的发生率，最好特别关注并优先处理诊断为败血症、围产期窒息、坏死性小肠结肠炎的新生儿，以及胎膜早破或重度子痫前期的母亲。
