Shanmugam Dharani Abirama Sundari, Balaraman Ashwini Devi, Kar Abhijit, Franco Abishek, Balaji B Arjun Chandra, Meenakumari S, Praveenkumar P K, Gayathri R, Ganesan Vinoth Kumar, Kumar Merugumolu Vijay, Senthilkumar K, Shanthi B
Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM. PG. Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600113, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603202, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Circadian Rhythms. 2025 Apr 8;23:4. doi: 10.5334/jcr.245. eCollection 2025.
The anterior region of the hypothalamus accommodates a bilateral structure called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which controls, modulates, and perpetuates the homeostasis of circadian rhythm and sleep hormone release. These SCN have a predominance over multitudinous peripheral tissues like the uterus, liver, intestine, pancreas, endocrine system, immune system, reproductive system, and cardiovascular system. This peripheral clock acts as a pacemaker for circadian rhythm timing, which regulates crucial metabolic pathways and organizes numerous activities in the female reproductive network of mammals. The circadian genes are expressed in various reproductive organs. The , and genes harmonize the balance and manifestation of nuclear receptors (NRs) expression, and the other way round, NRs regulate these circadian genes. Several NRs, in particular estrogen, progesterone, androgen, and PPARs, nurture the ovary and uterus. Bidirectional coordination between SCN and NRs maintains the circadian rhythm of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis of the female reproductive organs.
下丘脑前部容纳一个称为视交叉上核（SCN）的双侧结构，它控制、调节并维持昼夜节律和睡眠激素释放的体内平衡。这些SCN对众多外周组织具有主导作用，如子宫、肝脏、肠道、胰腺、内分泌系统、免疫系统、生殖系统和心血管系统。这种外周生物钟充当昼夜节律定时的起搏器，调节关键的代谢途径并组织哺乳动物雌性生殖网络中的众多活动。昼夜节律基因在各种生殖器官中表达。 、 和 基因协调核受体（NRs）表达的平衡和表现，反之亦然，NRs调节这些昼夜节律基因。几种NRs，特别是雌激素、孕激素、雄激素和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARs），滋养卵巢和子宫。SCN和NRs之间的双向协调维持雌性生殖器官下丘脑 - 垂体 - 性腺（HPG）轴的昼夜节律。
