Bhuiyan Tabarok, Akter Fahmida, Jolly Yeasmin Nahar, Kabir Md Jamiul, Siddique Mohammad Abdul Momin
Department of Oceanography, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2025 Mar 12;2025:8891363. doi: 10.1155/sci5/8891363. eCollection 2025.
Arsenic (As),iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) pollution in the coastal areas of Bangladesh are severe problems. by shallow wells in the agricultural lands is the primary source of these metals. Being a part of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna (GBM) Delta, the coastal accreted land of the Meghna River estuary has experienced a series of erosion and accretion phenomena and deposited a vast amount of sediments along with potentially toxic elements. This study investigated the spatial distribution, source, fate, and potential environmental and human health risks of As, Fe, and Mn from 25 sites across the coastal accreted land in the lower Meghna River estuary, Bay of Bengal. The mean concentration of As, Fe, and Mn in the surface soil samples ranged from 0.1-5.16, 12,000-23,810, and 50.6-1025.12 mg/kg, respectively, where high concentrations of metals were found in the southern belt of the estuary. A high As concentration (> 2 mg/kg) was observed at stations 3-4, 15, and 17. Igeo values of As, Fe, and Mn were estimated as -1.05, -0.50, and -0.55, respectively. The Igeo values analyzed in the sediments were below zero for all the metals, suggesting no contamination from these metals. The pollution load index (PLI) for As, Fe, and Mn was lower than the contamination level, indicating that contamination levels remain below harmful thresholds but require regular monitoring. Potential ecological risk index (PERI) values (1.32-10.75) showed low ecological risks in the studied area. Moreover, "no risk" to "low level" of carcinogenic risk was identified. According to the threshold values, except in the southern belt (stations 3-4, 15, and 17), most of the accreted agricultural land can be considered adequately safe for food production. This study suggests that plant analyses be incorporated into future research; however, it would be more impactful to emphasize bioavailability studies and their relevance to agricultural safety.
孟加拉国沿海地区的砷（As）、铁（Fe）和锰（Mn）污染是严重问题。农田浅井是这些金属的主要来源。作为恒河、布拉马普特拉河和梅克纳河（GBM）三角洲的一部分，梅克纳河河口的沿海冲积地经历了一系列侵蚀和堆积现象，并沉积了大量沉积物以及潜在的有毒元素。本研究调查了孟加拉湾梅克纳河河口下游沿海冲积地25个地点的As、Fe和Mn的空间分布、来源、归宿以及潜在的环境和人类健康风险。表层土壤样品中As、Fe和Mn的平均浓度分别为0.1 - 5.16、12000 - 23810和50.6 - 1025.12 mg/kg，其中河口南部地带发现了高浓度的金属。在3 - 4号、15号和17号站点观察到高砷浓度（>2 mg/kg）。As、Fe和Mn的地积累指数分别估计为-1.05、-0.50和-0.55。沉积物中分析的所有金属的地积累指数均低于零，表明这些金属没有污染。As、Fe和Mn的污染负荷指数低于污染水平，表明污染水平仍低于有害阈值，但需要定期监测。潜在生态风险指数（PERI）值（1.32 - 10.75）表明研究区域的生态风险较低。此外，确定了致癌风险为“无风险”至“低水平”。根据阈值，除了南部地带（3 - 4号、15号和17号站点），大部分冲积农田对于粮食生产可被认为是足够安全的。本研究建议在未来研究中纳入植物分析；然而，强调生物有效性研究及其与农业安全的相关性将更具影响力。
