Ma Yutong, Wang Yi, Tong Shuang, Wang Yuehan, Wang Zhuoya, Sui Rongze, Yang Ke, Witte Frank, Yang Shude
Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
The First Clinical College of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
J Orthop Translat. 2024 Oct 11;49:135-155. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.08.003. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Porous metal materials have been widely studied for applications in orthopedic field, owing to their excellent features and properties in bone healing. Porous metal materials with different compositions, manufacturing methods, and porosities have been developed. Whereas, the systematic mechanisms on how porous metal materials promote bone healing still remain unclear.
This review is concerned on the porous metal materials from three aspects with accounts of specific mechanisms, inflammatory regulation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis. We place great emphasis on different cells regulated by porous metal materials, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), macrophages, endothelial cells (ECs), etc.
The design of porous metal materials is diversified, with its varying pore sizes, porosity material types, modification methods and coatings help researchers create the most experimentally suitable and clinically effective scaffolds. Related signal pathways presented from different functions showed that porous metal materials could change the behavior of cells and the amount of cytokines, achieving good influence on osteogenesis.
This article summarizes the current progress achieved in the mechanism of porous metal materials promoting bone healing. By modulating the cellular behavior and physiological status of a spectrum of cellular constituents, such as macrophages, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, porous metal materials are capable of activating different pathways and releasing regulatory factors, thus exerting pivotal influence on improving the bone healing effect.
Porous metal materials play a vital role in the treatment of bone defects. Unfortunately, although an increasing number of studies have been concentrated on the effect of porous metal materials on osteogenesis-related cells, the comprehensive regulation of porous metal materials on the host cell functions during bone regeneration and the related intrinsic mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes different design methods for porous metal materials to fabricate the most suitable scaffolds for bone remodeling, and systematically reviews the corresponding mechanisms on inflammation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis of porous metal materials. This review can provide more theoretical framework and innovative optimization for the application of porous metal materials in orthopedics, dentistry, and other areas, thereby advancing their clinical utility and efficacy.
多孔金属材料因其在骨愈合方面的优异特性，在骨科领域的应用已得到广泛研究。人们已开发出具有不同成分、制造方法和孔隙率的多孔金属材料。然而，多孔金属材料促进骨愈合的系统机制仍不清楚。
本综述从特定机制、炎症调节、血管生成和成骨三个方面对多孔金属材料进行了阐述。我们重点关注了受多孔金属材料调节的不同细胞，包括间充质干细胞（MSCs）、巨噬细胞、内皮细胞（ECs）等。
多孔金属材料的设计多种多样，其不同的孔径、孔隙率、材料类型、改性方法和涂层有助于研究人员创建最适合实验和临床有效的支架。不同功能呈现的相关信号通路表明，多孔金属材料可改变细胞行为和细胞因子数量，对成骨产生良好影响。
本文总结了多孔金属材料促进骨愈合机制方面的当前进展。通过调节一系列细胞成分（如巨噬细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞）的细胞行为和生理状态，多孔金属材料能够激活不同途径并释放调节因子，从而对改善骨愈合效果发挥关键作用。
多孔金属材料在骨缺损治疗中起着至关重要的作用。遗憾的是，尽管越来越多的研究集中在多孔金属材料对成骨相关细胞的影响上，但多孔金属材料在骨再生过程中对宿主细胞功能的全面调节及其相关内在机制仍不清楚。本综述总结了多孔金属材料的不同设计方法，以制造最适合骨重塑的支架，并系统回顾了多孔金属材料在炎症、血管生成和成骨方面的相应机制。本综述可为多孔金属材料在骨科、牙科和其他领域的应用提供更多理论框架和创新优化，从而提高其临床实用性和疗效。
