Yang Xuhui, Hu Yonghua, Wu Yuan Fei, Zhang Jie, Huang Zhicheng, He Feng
Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
Huayin Clinical Diagnosis Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Am J Mens Health. 2025 Mar-Apr;19(2):15579883251328353. doi: 10.1177/15579883251328353. Epub 2025 Apr 16.
The combination of Syto16/7-AAD allows the detection of apoptosis at an earlier stage than that of annexin V/7-AAD. The effects of the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa on fertilization rate and post-embryonic development have not been investigated systematically. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa in IVF patients and seminal parameters (concentration and morphology), to assess the effect of the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa on ART outcomes, especially with regard to clinical pregnancy. The earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa was detected by syto16/7AAD using flow cytometry (FCM) in 98 couples (98 IVF) before and after density gradient centrifugation (DGC), and its relationships with the fertilization rate, the normal fertilization rate, the cleavage rate, the good embryo rate and the cumulative clinical pregnancy rate were assessed. Meanwhile, the correlation with seminal parameters (concentration, motility and morphology) was also analyzed. The rate of the earlier apoptosis was significantly negatively correlated to sperm concentration( = -.302, = .003) and membrane integrity rate( = -.862; < .01) after DGC. There was also a positive correlation between the rate of the earlier apoptosis and sperm mortality rate ( = .225, = .027) after DGC. A highly significantly negative correlation was found between the rate of the earlier apoptosis and outcomes in IVF patients: the fertilization rate and the normal fertilization rate decreased as the rate of the earlier apoptosis increased ( = -.271, -.288; = .008,.004). The cumulative clinical pregnancy rate also significantly differed between patients with the earlier apoptotic rate ≥15% and <15% (57.89% vs. 81.69%, < .01) after DGC. The earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa seems to affect fertilization, however, it does not affect the early embryo development proficiency in IVF procedures. Because of the decreased fertilization rate, the earlier apoptosis of spermatozoa can compromise the number of available embryos and good embryos, resulting in cumulative clinical pregnancy loss.
Syto16/7 - AAD组合能够比膜联蛋白V/7 - AAD更早地检测到细胞凋亡。精子过早凋亡对受精率和胚胎后期发育的影响尚未得到系统研究。本研究的目的是评估体外受精（IVF）患者精子过早凋亡与精液参数（浓度和形态）之间的关系，评估精子过早凋亡对辅助生殖技术（ART）结局的影响，尤其是对临床妊娠的影响。采用流式细胞术（FCM），利用Syto16/7AAD在98对夫妇（98例IVF）进行密度梯度离心（DGC）前后检测精子过早凋亡情况，并评估其与受精率、正常受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率和累积临床妊娠率的关系。同时，分析其与精液参数（浓度、活力和形态）的相关性。DGC后，过早凋亡率与精子浓度（r = - 0.302，P = 0.003）和膜完整性率（r = - 0.862；P < 0.01）显著负相关。DGC后，过早凋亡率与精子死亡率也呈正相关（r = 0.225，P = 0.027）。发现IVF患者的过早凋亡率与结局之间存在高度显著的负相关：随着过早凋亡率增加，受精率和正常受精率降低（r = - 0.271， - 0.288；P = 0.008，0.004）。DGC后，过早凋亡率≥15%和<15%的患者累积临床妊娠率也有显著差异（57.89%对81.69%，P < 0.01）。精子过早凋亡似乎会影响受精，但在IVF过程中不影响早期胚胎发育能力。由于受精率降低，精子过早凋亡会减少可用胚胎和优质胚胎的数量，导致累积临床妊娠丢失。
