Mueller Patricia R, Grimm Sabine, Einhäuser Wolfgang
Physics of Cognition Group, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-9540.
J Vis. 2025 Apr 1;25(4):10. doi: 10.1167/jov.25.4.10.
When viewing natural scenes, participants tend to direct their gaze towards the image center, the so-called "central bias." Unless the head is fixed, gaze shifts to peripheral targets are accomplished by a combination of eye and head movements, with substantial individual differences in the propensity to use the head. We address the relation of central bias and head-movement propensity. In one part of the experiment, participants viewed natural scenes of two different sizes without moving their head. We found that the central bias of each individual scaled with image size. In another experimental part, the same participants stood in the center of a panoramic screen and shifted their gaze to peripheral targets. Target eccentricities were either instructed by text (endogenous mode) or by a bar appearing at the target location (exogenous mode). In this "peripheral-target" task, we found a strong correlation between the exogenous and the endogenous mode, indicating that they provide a robust measure of an individual's head-movement propensity. Despite substantial inter-individual variability in both tasks, no significant correlation was found between head-movement propensity and central bias, and a trend toward significance for a specific measure was brittle. However, individuals with a higher head-movement propensity tended to have shorter fixation durations in scene viewing. Our results suggest that central bias in free scene viewing on typical screen sizes is predominately determined by visual properties. Although head-movement propensity seems to affect some aspects of scene-viewing behavior (fixation durations), individual differences in central bias are not explained by head-movement propensity.
在观看自然场景时,参与者倾向于将目光投向图像中心,即所谓的“中心偏好”。除非头部固定,否则目光转移到周边目标是通过眼睛和头部运动的组合来完成的,在使用头部的倾向上存在很大的个体差异。我们研究了中心偏好与头部运动倾向之间的关系。在实验的一部分中,参与者在不移动头部的情况下观看了两种不同大小的自然场景。我们发现,每个个体的中心偏好随图像大小而变化。在另一个实验部分,相同的参与者站在全景屏幕的中心,将目光转移到周边目标上。目标的偏心度要么通过文字指示(内源性模式),要么通过出现在目标位置的条形(外源性模式)来指示。在这个“周边目标”任务中,我们发现外源性模式和内源性模式之间存在很强的相关性,这表明它们为个体的头部运动倾向提供了一个可靠的衡量标准。尽管在两个任务中个体间存在很大差异,但在头部运动倾向和中心偏好之间未发现显著相关性,并且特定测量方法的显著性趋势很脆弱。然而,头部运动倾向较高的个体在观看场景时的注视持续时间往往较短。我们的结果表明,在典型屏幕尺寸下自由观看场景时的中心偏好主要由视觉属性决定。虽然头部运动倾向似乎会影响场景观看行为的某些方面(注视持续时间),但中心偏好的个体差异并不能用头部运动倾向来解释。