Schmalwieser Alois W, Schwabel Florian, Philipsen Peter A, Heydenreich Jakob, Young Antony R
Institute of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2025 Apr;24(4):641-649. doi: 10.1007/s43630-025-00715-w. Epub 2025 Apr 16.
Farmers are exposed chronically to solar ultraviolet radiation. Their chronically exposed skin undergoes alterations in pigmentation, but quantitative measurements have not be done yet. Therefore, we followed skin color and pigmentation in Austrian farming families (male and female farmers, their spouses, and children) for one year by objective tri-stimulus measurements on different body sites. The difference between constitutive and facultative pigmentation was quantified by the "degree-of-tan" (TAN°), which we defined as the difference in individual typology angle between constitutive and facultative pigmentation. Personal sun exposure was measured in parallel. Measurements of skin colour showed that independent of occupation, adult males had a darker red component in skin color of the forehead than adult females and children, with the highest values observed in males only. This difference develops during puberty and adolescence. Even in late winter, an obvious TAN° was found in all groups at continuously and intermittently exposed body sites. TAN° was higher in adults than in children and highest in farmers. The seasonal changes in TAN° were pronounced in all groups on intermittently exposed body sites but less so on the forehead. In conclusion, TAN° increases in farmers on average during their lifetime but not in their spouses, even though many spouses have higher TAN° than farmers of the same age. Such high TAN° is reversible if sun exposure is low in the following seasons. The highest TAN° values were found in farmers older than 50 years.
农民长期暴露于太阳紫外线辐射之下。他们长期暴露在外的皮肤会出现色素沉着变化，但尚未进行过定量测量。因此，我们通过对奥地利务农家庭（男性和女性农民及其配偶和子女）不同身体部位进行客观的三刺激测量，对其肤色和色素沉着情况进行了为期一年的跟踪。通过“晒黑程度”（TAN°）对固有色素沉着和适应性色素沉着之间的差异进行量化，我们将其定义为固有色素沉着和适应性色素沉着之间个体类型角度的差异。同时对个人的日照情况进行了测量。肤色测量结果显示，与职业无关，成年男性前额皮肤的红色成分比成年女性和儿童更深，且仅在男性中观察到最高值。这种差异在青春期和青少年时期出现。即使在冬末，在持续和间歇性暴露的身体部位，所有组都发现了明显的TAN°。成年人的TAN°高于儿童，农民的TAN°最高。在间歇性暴露的身体部位，所有组的TAN°季节性变化都很明显，但在前额则不太明显。总之，农民一生中TAN°平均会增加，但其配偶不会，尽管许多配偶的TAN°高于同龄农民。如果接下来几个季节日照较少，这种高TAN°是可逆的。50岁以上的农民TAN°值最高。
