Poirier L J, Parent A, Marchand R, Butcher L L
J Neurol Sci. 1977 Mar;31(2):181-98. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(77)90105-8.
The distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC3.1.1.7) within extrapyramidal and related structures was studied in 4 monkeys following the i.m. administration of bis-(1-methylethyl) phosphorofluoridate (di-isopropylfluorophosphate: DFP). In 1 animal, sacrificed 4 hr after the injection of 0.43 mg/kg C, AChE is virtually absent in all structures. In the other 3 animals, which received 0.20 mg/kg DFP 10, 12 and 18 hr prior to sacrifice, AChE activity is greatly reduced in the neuropil of those structures which normally show intense AChE activity in pharmacologically unmanipulated monkeys. As a consequence of the lower background AChE activity in the latter 3 DFP-treated monkeys, the perikarya and processes of several groups of neurons can be readily identified. The perikarya and processes of two types of neurons of the neostriatum, representing a small percentage of all neurons in this structure, are intensely stained. They apparently correspond to the chromatic giant aspiny neurons and the achromatic medium-size "spidery aspiny" neurons. Most perikarya and processes of the neurons of the medial and lateral divisions of the pallidum, as well as the morphologically similar neurons of the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra, display light to moderate AChE activity. The pars compacta of the substantia nigra contains a small number of intensely stained elongated and triangular neurons and numerous moderately stained ovoid neurons whose processes are very lightly reactive. The cell bodies of the neurons of the subthalamic nucleus and associated groups of neurons (nucleus ansae peduncularis) are moderately stained whereas the perikarya and processes of the subnucleus compactus of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus are intensely and moderately stained, respectively. Numerous large and multipolar neurons associated with the lenticular nucleus (intralamellar groups) or the pallidum (peripallidal groups) including the nucleus ansae lenticularis have somata and processes which show an intense AChE activity. Certain of the latter groups of neurons, partially interspersed with the neurons of the substantia innominata, correspond in part to the nucleus basalis of Meynert. The present data are compatible with the idea that the large AChE neurons of the neostriatum may be the source of the acetylcholinesterasic striatopallidal and strionigral fibers. The similarity between the neurons of the pallidum and those of the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra suggests that the latter structure may represent a caudal extension of pallidal tissue. Therefore, the nigrothalamic projection, which has been claimed to originate in the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra, would correspond to pallidothalamic projections.
对4只猴子在肌肉注射双（1-甲基乙基）磷酰氟（二异丙基氟磷酸酯：DFP）后，研究了锥体外系及相关结构中乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE，EC3.1.1.7）的分布情况。在1只猴子中，注射0.43mg/kg DFP 4小时后处死，所有结构中几乎都没有AChE。在另外3只猴子中，在处死前10、12和18小时分别给予0.20mg/kg DFP，在那些在未进行药物处理的猴子中通常显示强烈AChE活性的结构的神经毡中，AChE活性大大降低。由于后3只经DFP处理的猴子中背景AChE活性较低，几组神经元的胞体和突起可以很容易地被识别出来。新纹状体中两种类型的神经元的胞体和突起，在该结构中占所有神经元的一小部分，被强烈染色。它们显然对应于染色质巨大无棘神经元和无色中等大小的“蜘蛛状无棘”神经元。苍白球内侧和外侧部分的神经元以及黑质网状部形态相似的神经元的大多数胞体和突起显示轻度至中度AChE活性。黑质致密部包含少量强烈染色的细长和三角形神经元以及许多中度染色的卵圆形神经元，其突起反应非常轻微。丘脑底核的神经元胞体和相关神经元群（脚桥核）被中度染色，而脚桥被盖核致密亚核的胞体和突起分别被强烈和中度染色。与豆状核（板内群）或苍白球（苍白球周围群）相关的许多大的多极神经元，包括豆状核袢核，其胞体和突起显示强烈的AChE活性。后一组神经元中的某些，部分与无名质的神经元交织在一起，部分对应于迈内特基底核。目前的数据与新纹状体中大型AChE神经元可能是乙酰胆碱酯酶能纹状体苍白球和纹状体黑质纤维来源的观点一致。苍白球神经元与黑质网状部神经元之间的相似性表明，后一种结构可能代表苍白球组织的尾端延伸。因此，一直被认为起源于黑质网状部的黑质丘脑投射，将对应于苍白球丘脑投射。
