Satoh K, Fibiger H C
J Comp Neurol. 1985 Jun 8;236(2):197-214. doi: 10.1002/cne.902360205.
The morphological characteristics of cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) of the baboon (Papio papio) were studied by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) pharmacohistochemistry. The distributions of central cholinergic neurons as visualized by these two histochemical techniques were similar in most, but not all regions of the brain and spinal cord. Based upon these observations, central cholinergic neurons that are immunoreactive to ChAT and intensely stained for AChE by the pharmacohistochemical procedure can be divided into four major groups: (1) those in the caudate nucleus, putamen, nucleus accumbens and anterior perforated substance. These ChAT-containing and AChE-intense neurons are large and multipolar, and are scattered throughout these structures. (2) The rostral cholinergic column, which consists of a continuous mass of cholinergic perikarya situated in the medial septal nucleus, nucleus of the diagonal band, and nucleus basalis (Meynert). The ChAT-immunoreactive and AChE-intense cell bodies of the nucleus basalis are a prominent feature in the basal forebrain of the baboon. The labeled neurons are large, multipolar, and hyperchromic and show a tendency to aggregate in cell clusters. These cells are distributed within the full extent of the substantia innominata, often being associated with subcortical fiber networks such as the medullary laminae of the globus pallidus. (3) The caudal cholinergic column, which consists of a continuous group of cholinergic neurons in the caudal midbrain and pontine tegmentum. The rostral component of this group of cells is the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus (subnucleus compacta) and it extends caudally to include the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. Compared to that in other species the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus in the baboon appears to occupy a relatively greater volume and is composed of a greater number of cholinergic neurons. The cells of the caudal column are large and hyperchromic. (4) Nuclei of origin of somatic and visceral efferents of the cranial nerves (III, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X, XI, XII) and spinal nerves. In addition to these major cholinergic cell groups, a small population of ChAT-positive and AChE-intense cell bodies can be observed at the floor of the fourth ventricle and in lamina VII and X of the cervical cord. The present findings indicate that although some differences exist, the overall distribution and morphological features of cholinergic cell bodies identified in the baboon brain and spinal cord are similar to those demonstrated previously in investigations of the rhesus monkey and nonprimates.
通过胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）免疫组织化学和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）药物组织化学方法，对狒狒（Papio papio）中枢神经系统（CNS）中的胆碱能神经元的形态学特征进行了研究。这两种组织化学技术所显示的中枢胆碱能神经元的分布在大脑和脊髓的大多数区域（但并非所有区域）是相似的。基于这些观察结果，对ChAT呈免疫反应且在药物组织化学过程中对AChE染色强烈的中枢胆碱能神经元可分为四大类：（1）尾状核、壳核、伏隔核和前穿质中的神经元。这些含ChAT且AChE染色强烈的神经元体积大且多极，散在于这些结构中。（2）吻侧胆碱能柱，由位于内侧隔核、斜角带核和基底核（Meynert核）的连续一团胆碱能核周体组成。基底核中ChAT免疫反应阳性且AChE染色强烈的细胞体是狒狒基底前脑的一个显著特征。标记的神经元体积大、多极且染色质深，并显示出聚集成细胞簇的趋势。这些细胞分布于无名质的整个范围内，常与皮质下纤维网络如苍白球的髓板相关联。（3）尾侧胆碱能柱，由中脑尾侧和脑桥被盖中的连续一群胆碱能神经元组成。这群细胞的吻侧部分是脚桥被盖核（致密亚核），并向尾侧延伸至包括外侧背侧被盖核。与其他物种相比，狒狒的脚桥被盖核似乎占据相对更大的体积，且由更多的胆碱能神经元组成。尾侧柱的细胞体积大且染色质深。（4）脑神经（III、IV、V、VI、VII、IX、X、XI、XII）和脊神经的躯体和内脏传出纤维的起始核。除了这些主要的胆碱能细胞群外，在第四脑室底部以及颈髓的VII层和X层中可观察到一小群ChAT阳性且AChE染色强烈的细胞体。目前的研究结果表明，尽管存在一些差异，但在狒狒脑和脊髓中鉴定出的胆碱能细胞体的总体分布和形态特征与先前在恒河猴和非灵长类动物研究中所显示的相似。
