Nissan Noam, Kuten Jonathan, Feigin Kimberly, Gluskin Jill, Arita Yuki, Ochoa Albíztegui Rosa Elena, Fruchtman-Brot Hila, Amir Tali, Reiner Jeffrey S, Mango Victoria L, Jochelson Maxine S, Sung Janice S
Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
J Breast Imaging. 2025 Sep 2;7(4):429-436. doi: 10.1093/jbi/wbaf015.
Quantitative changes in mammographic properties during pregnancy and lactation remain underexplored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify mammographic changes in the breast from prepregnancy through lactation to postweaning at the individual level.
Mammograms of 39 women at elevated risk (mean age 38.7 years) who underwent 3 sequential examinations spanning the lactation period were retrospectively analyzed. Volpara-derived mammographic properties, including breast volume, fibroglandular tissue volume, volumetric breast density, compression force, and radiation dose, were automatically extracted and were statistically compared between the periods.
Significant longitudinal changes in breast tissue were observed. During lactation, breast volume increased by 45%, fibroglandular tissue volume increased by 138.5%, and volumetric breast density increased by 53.2% compared with prepregnancy levels (P <.001 for all). After weaning, these values decreased by 23.3%, 52.8%, and 27.3%, respectively, compared with lactation (P <.001 for all). Breast compression was decreased by 22.3% on average during lactation compared with prepregnancy (P <.001), while it was not different between lactation and postweaning (P = .11). The radiation dose during lactation increased by 20% compared with both prepregnancy (P = .004) and postweaning (P = .005).
The temporal changes in mammographic properties from prepregnancy to lactation include significant increases in breast volume, fibroglandular tissue volume, breast density, and radiation dose, along with a decrease in compression force. While these changes reverse from lactation to postweaning, they generally do not return to prepregnancy levels.
孕期和哺乳期乳房X线摄影特征的定量变化仍未得到充分研究。因此，本研究的目的是在个体水平上量化从孕前到哺乳期再到断奶后的乳房X线摄影变化。
回顾性分析了39名高危女性（平均年龄38.7岁）的乳房X线照片，这些女性在哺乳期接受了3次连续检查。自动提取了由Volpara得出的乳房X线摄影特征，包括乳房体积、纤维腺体组织体积、乳房容积密度、压迫力和辐射剂量，并对各时期进行了统计学比较。
观察到乳房组织有显著的纵向变化。与孕前水平相比，哺乳期乳房体积增加了45%，纤维腺体组织体积增加了138.5%，乳房容积密度增加了53.2%（均P <.001）。断奶后，与哺乳期相比，这些值分别下降了23.3%、52.8%和27.3%（均P <.001）。与孕前相比，哺乳期乳房压迫平均降低了22.3%（P <.001），而哺乳期和断奶后之间没有差异（P = 0.11）。哺乳期的辐射剂量与孕前（P = 0.004）和断奶后（P = 0.005）相比均增加了20%。
从孕前到哺乳期乳房X线摄影特征的时间变化包括乳房体积、纤维腺体组织体积、乳房密度和辐射剂量的显著增加，以及压迫力的降低。虽然这些变化从哺乳期到断奶后会逆转，但通常不会恢复到孕前水平。
