Otto Sören, Berkelmann-Löhnertz Beate, May Bianca, Kauer Randolf, Schweiggert Ralf
Department of Beverage Research, Chair of Analysis & Technology of Plant-based Foods Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Street 1, Geisenheim D-65366, Germany.
Department of Crop Protection, Chair of Crop Protection in Viticulture and Horticulture Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Street 1, Geisenheim D-65366, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Apr 30;73(17):10110-10118. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c12228. Epub 2025 Apr 18.
This study investigated the translocation and persistence of inorganic phosphonate in container-grown vines of L. cv. Riesling after foliar and soil applications over two consecutive years. Phosphonate concentrations were monitored in leaves, petioles, grape canes, shoot tips, inflorescences, and berries during the season, applying an identical total amount of 3 or 4 sprays of 0.54 or 0.4% (w/v, aq) phosphonate, respectively. The overall uptake of inorganic phosphonate into the leaves was either identical (year 1) or substantially lower (year 2) when spraying 3 times (0.54%) instead of 4 times (0.4%) as expressed by the area under the concentration vs time curve. Residues found in leaves at the end of the vegetation period were also lower when spraying 3 times. Across both years, residues in berries were also significantly lower when applying the 0.54% phosphonate solution (20.2-30.9 mg/kg) 3 times as compared with the 4× application of 0.4% phosphonate (38.5-40.6 mg/kg). Soil applications resulted in a comparably low overall uptake but still yielding measurable residues in berries (6.0 ± 1.2 mg/kg). Further data on grape cane, shoot tips, and inflorescences supported the hypothesis that phosphonate residues in the plant and, ultimately, in the berries and the resulting products might be significantly reduced when spraying 3 times (0.54%) instead of 4 times (0.4%).
本研究调查了连续两年对雷司令葡萄（L. cv. Riesling）盆栽藤蔓进行叶面喷施和土壤施用以後，无机膦酸盐在植株中的转运和残留情况。在生长季期间，对叶片、叶柄、葡萄茎、梢尖、花序和浆果中的膦酸盐浓度进行了监测，分别施用总量相同的3次或4次喷雾，膦酸盐浓度分别为0.54%或0.4%（w/v，水溶液）。以浓度-时间曲线下面积表示，当喷施3次（0.54%）而非4次（0.4%）时，无机膦酸盐进入叶片的总体吸收量在第1年相同，而在第2年则显著降低。在生长季结束时，喷施3次时叶片中的残留量也较低。在这两年中，与4次施用0.4%膦酸盐（38.5 - 40.6 mg/kg）相比，施用0.54%膦酸盐溶液3次（20.2 - 30.9 mg/kg）时，浆果中的残留量也显著降低。土壤施用导致总体吸收量相对较低，但浆果中仍有可测量的残留量（6.0±1.2 mg/kg）。关于葡萄茎、梢尖和花序的进一步数据支持了以下假设：当喷施3次（0.54%）而非4次（0.4%）时，植物中，最终在浆果及制成品中的膦酸盐残留量可能会显著降低。
