Betz Milan W, Fuchs Cas J, Chedd Finlay, Monsegue Alejandra P, Hendriks Floris K, van Kranenburg Janneau M X, Goessens Joy, Houben Alfons J H M, Verdijk Lex B, van Loon Luc J C, Snijders Tim
NUTRIM Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS.
Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2025 Apr 18. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003723.
Cold-water immersion lowers muscle protein synthesis rates during post-exercise recovery. Whether this effect can be explained by lower muscle microvascular perfusion and a subsequent decline in post-prandial amino acid incorporation into muscle tissue following cooling is currently unknown.
Twelve young males (24 ± 4 y) performed a single resistance exercise session followed by water immersion for 20 min with one leg immersed in cold water (8 °C: COLD) and the contralateral leg in thermoneutral water (30 °C: CON). After immersion, a beverage was ingested containing 20 g free amino acids, 0.25 g L-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine, and 45 g carbohydrates. Microvascular perfusion of the vastus lateralis muscle was assessed for both legs using contrast-enhanced ultrasound at rest, immediately following exercise and water immersion, and at t = 60 and t = 180 min following beverage ingestion. A muscle biopsy sample (vastus lateralis) was collected from both legs (t = 240 min) to determine amino acid tracer incorporation.
Microvascular blood volume was significantly lower in the COLD vs CON leg immediately following water immersion (1.24 ± 0.82 vs 3.13 ± 1.64 video intensity, respectively, P < 0.001) and remained lower at t = 60 and t = 180 min following beverage ingestion (0.90 ± 0.84 vs 1.53 ± 0.98, and 2.10 ± 2.53 vs 2.77 ± 2.81 video intensity, respectively, both P < 0.05). Exogenous amino acid incorporation into muscle protein was lower in the COLD vs CON leg (0.011 ± 0.004 vs 0.016 ± 0.005 mole percent excess, respectively, P < 0.001). The difference in post-prandial amino acid incorporation into muscle protein between the COLD and CON leg was strongly associated with the difference in microvascular blood volume between the two legs during recovery (r = 0.65, P < 0.05).
Cold-water immersion during post-exercise recovery greatly reduces muscle microvascular perfusion and blunts post-prandial amino acid incorporation in muscle.
冷水浸泡会降低运动后恢复期间的肌肉蛋白质合成速率。目前尚不清楚这种影响是否可以通过较低的肌肉微血管灌注以及冷却后餐后氨基酸掺入肌肉组织的随后下降来解释。
12名年轻男性（24±4岁）进行了一次阻力训练，随后进行20分钟的水浸，一条腿浸入冷水中（8°C：冷），对侧腿浸入中性温度水中（30°C：对照）。浸泡后，摄入一种饮料，其中含有20克游离氨基酸、0.25克L-[环-13C6]-苯丙氨酸和45克碳水化合物。在休息时、运动和水浸后立即以及摄入饮料后t = 60分钟和t = 180分钟时，使用对比增强超声评估两侧股外侧肌的微血管灌注。从两侧（t = 240分钟）采集肌肉活检样本（股外侧肌）以确定氨基酸示踪剂掺入情况。
水浸后立即，冷侧腿的微血管血容量明显低于对照侧腿（分别为1.24±0.82与3.13±1.64视频强度，P < 0.001），并且在摄入饮料后t = 60分钟和t = 180分钟时仍较低（分别为0.90±0.84与1.53±0.98，以及2.10±2.53与2.77±2.81视频强度，均P < 0.05）。冷侧腿中，外源性氨基酸掺入肌肉蛋白的量低于对照侧腿（分别为0.011±0.004与0.016±0.005摩尔过量百分比，P < 0.001）。冷侧腿和对照侧腿之间餐后氨基酸掺入肌肉蛋白的差异与恢复期间两侧微血管血容量的差异密切相关（r = 0.65，P < 0.05）。
运动后恢复期间的冷水浸泡会极大地降低肌肉微血管灌注，并减弱餐后氨基酸在肌肉中的掺入。
