Saeed Qudsia, Mustafa Adnan, Ali Shahzaib, Tobiloba Lasisi Hammed, Rebi Ansa, Baloch Sadia Babar, Mumtaz Muhammad Zahid, Naveed Muhammad, Farooq Muhammad, Lu Xiankai
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510650, China.
Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;310(Pt 2):143194. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143194. Epub 2025 Apr 18.
Rhizosphere engineering has emerged as a transformative strategy to address the pressing challenges of climate change, food security, and environmental sustainability. By harnessing the dynamic interactions between plants and microbes, and environmental processes, this approach offers innovative solutions for enhancing crop production, protecting against pests and diseases, and remediating contaminated environments. This review explores how rhizosphere engineering, both plant-based and microbe-based, can be leveraged to enhance crop productivity, manage pests and diseases, and remediate contaminated environments under shifting climate conditions. We examine the effects of climate change drivers such as elevated CO, increased N deposition, rising temperatures, and altered precipitation patterns, on plant-microbe interactions and rhizosphere processes. We show that climate change impacts key functions, including respiration, decomposition and stabilization of soil organic matter, nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas emissions, and microbial community dynamics. Despite these challenges, engineered rhizospheres can mitigate adverse effects of climate change by improving rhizodeposition, nitrogen fixation, root architecture modification, selective microbe recruitment, and pathogen control, while enhancing carbon allocation and stabilization in soil. However, the deployment of these technologies is not without challenges. Ecological risks, such as unintended gene transfer and disruption of native microbial communities, as well as socioeconomic barriers, must be carefully addressed to ensure safe and scalable implementation. We identify critical research gaps such as the limited understanding of multi-taxon cooperation and scalability in engineered rhizosphere systems, and how mechanistic understanding of designer plants and microbes can advance crop production, protection, and environmental remediation in agriculture and agroforestry under global changes.
根际工程已成为一种变革性策略，以应对气候变化、粮食安全和环境可持续性等紧迫挑战。通过利用植物与微生物之间以及环境过程之间的动态相互作用，这种方法为提高作物产量、抵御病虫害和修复受污染环境提供了创新解决方案。本综述探讨了基于植物和基于微生物的根际工程如何在不断变化的气候条件下用于提高作物生产力、管理病虫害以及修复受污染环境。我们研究了气候变化驱动因素，如二氧化碳浓度升高、氮沉降增加、气温上升和降水模式改变，对植物-微生物相互作用和根际过程的影响。我们表明，气候变化影响关键功能，包括土壤有机质的呼吸作用、分解和稳定、养分循环、温室气体排放以及微生物群落动态。尽管存在这些挑战，但工程化根际可以通过改善根际沉积、固氮作用、根系结构修饰、选择性微生物招募和病原体控制来减轻气候变化的不利影响，同时增强土壤中的碳分配和稳定性。然而，这些技术的应用并非没有挑战。必须认真应对生态风险，如意外的基因转移和本地微生物群落的破坏，以及社会经济障碍，以确保安全和可扩展的实施。我们确定了关键的研究差距，例如对工程化根际系统中多分类群合作和可扩展性的理解有限，以及对设计植物和微生物的机理理解如何在全球变化下促进农业和农林业中的作物生产、保护和环境修复。
