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从瘀点到脑出血：小儿特发性血小板减少症的罕见进展

From Petechiae to Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Rare Progression of Pediatric Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia.

作者信息

Nadella Nirupam, Kuppili Satwik, Shukla Rhythm L, Kumar Korvi N, Siddiqui Adil M, Madineni Madhukar

机构信息

Department of General Medicine, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND.

Department of General Medicine, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences, Amalapuram, IND.

出版信息

Cureus. 2025 Mar 19;17(3):e80818. doi: 10.7759/cureus.80818. eCollection 2025 Mar.

DOI:10.7759/cureus.80818
PMID:40255776
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12007389/
Abstract

A four-year-old boy presented with a four-week history of hematuria, melena, and ecchymoses on his forehead, arm, and back, as well as upper respiratory symptoms. The physical examination revealed diffuse purpura on the lips, pallor, and several hyperpigmented spots. Laboratory results showed microcytic hypochromic anemia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and severe thrombocytopenia. A peripheral smear revealed giant platelets and a bone marrow biopsy revealed enhanced megakaryocytes with aberrant maturation. Despite the initiation of prednisolone medication, the patient experienced generalized tonic-clonic seizures and diminished consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale: 4/15). Neuroimaging revealed a left-sided intracerebral hemorrhage with a midline shift, requiring an immediate decompressive craniotomy. Early detection and rapid interdisciplinary management are critical for improving outcomes in these life-threatening conditions.

摘要

一名4岁男孩出现血尿、黑便、前额、手臂和背部瘀斑以及上呼吸道症状4周。体格检查发现嘴唇有弥漫性紫癜、面色苍白和几个色素沉着斑。实验室检查结果显示小细胞低色素性贫血、中性粒细胞减少、淋巴细胞增多和严重血小板减少。外周血涂片显示巨大血小板，骨髓活检显示巨核细胞增多且成熟异常。尽管开始使用泼尼松龙治疗，但患者仍出现全身强直阵挛性发作和意识减退（格拉斯哥昏迷量表：4/15）。神经影像学检查显示左侧脑出血伴中线移位，需要立即进行减压开颅手术。早期发现和快速的多学科管理对于改善这些危及生命状况的预后至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/dc668453f79a/cureus-0017-00000080818-i05.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/d938e6c32f37/cureus-0017-00000080818-i01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/dd38f7ac798a/cureus-0017-00000080818-i02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/314d85a25b36/cureus-0017-00000080818-i03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/05ed3781ca3c/cureus-0017-00000080818-i04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/dc668453f79a/cureus-0017-00000080818-i05.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/d938e6c32f37/cureus-0017-00000080818-i01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/dd38f7ac798a/cureus-0017-00000080818-i02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/314d85a25b36/cureus-0017-00000080818-i03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/05ed3781ca3c/cureus-0017-00000080818-i04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c92b/12007389/dc668453f79a/cureus-0017-00000080818-i05.jpg

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