Jayasinghe Yovanthi Anurangi, Senevirathna Kalpani, Salami Afeez Abolarinwa, Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem, Jayasinghe Ruwan Duminda
Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka.
Centre for Research in Oral Cancer, Faculty of Dental Sciences University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 18;8(4):e70650. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70650. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Tobacco and betel quid are two major causes of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Tumor biomarkers offer potential headway for improved diagnosis of OSCC caused by tobacco and betel quid. Currently, several empirical investigations have explored the use of diverse types of tumor biomarkers in the diagnosis of tobacco- and betel quid-induced OSCC; however, no known study has mapped the evidence reported in those studies. This scoping review aims to map existing empirical evidence on the biomarkers of OSCC caused by these carcinogenic substances.
This scoping review adhered to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Seven databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, AMED, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL Ultimate, Dentistry, and Oral Sciences Source) were searched to retrieve literature on diagnostic tumor markers used in detecting tobacco- and betel quid-induced OSCC. After deduplication and screening of research articles based on the eligibility criteria. Only 36 peer-reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria of the scoping review. Data from the selected articles were charted, collated, summarized, and presented.
All the included articles were on studies published within the past decade. Most of them (26 articles) reported case-control studies. More than half (20 articles) were on studies conducted in India. A total of 6707 participants were investigated in the included articles, and different oral anatomical sites were involved. The biomarkers investigated were of diverse types, ranging from genomic biomarkers to transcriptomic markers. Specifically, these markers include micronuclei, miRNAs, protein markers, gene alterations, and salivary markers. These biomarkers were used in the early detection, risk assessment, and prognosis evaluation of tobacco-/betel quid-induced OSCC.
This scoping review provides insights into the current global research landscape on the use of biomarkers in the diagnosis of tobacco- and betel quid-induced OSCC; it also provides potential avenues for improving early detection and management of this prevalent oral malignancy.
烟草和槟榔是口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的两大主要病因。肿瘤生物标志物为改善由烟草和槟榔导致的口腔鳞状细胞癌的诊断提供了潜在进展。目前，已有多项实证研究探索了多种类型的肿瘤生物标志物在诊断烟草和槟榔诱发的口腔鳞状细胞癌中的应用；然而，尚无已知研究梳理这些研究中报道的证据。本范围综述旨在梳理关于由这些致癌物质引起的口腔鳞状细胞癌生物标志物的现有实证证据。
本范围综述遵循PRISMA-ScR清单。检索了七个数据库（PubMed、SCOPUS、AMED、APA PsycArticles、APA PsycINFO、CINAHL Ultimate、Dentistry和Oral Sciences Source），以获取有关用于检测烟草和槟榔诱发的口腔鳞状细胞癌的诊断肿瘤标志物的文献。根据纳入标准对研究文章进行去重和筛选后，仅有36篇经同行评审的文章符合范围综述的纳入标准。对所选文章的数据进行了制表、整理、总结和呈现。
所有纳入文章均为过去十年内发表的研究。其中大多数（26篇文章）报告的是病例对照研究。超过一半（20篇文章）是在印度进行的研究。纳入文章共调查了6707名参与者，涉及不同的口腔解剖部位。所研究的生物标志物类型多样，从基因组生物标志物到转录组标志物不等。具体而言，这些标志物包括微核、微小RNA、蛋白质标志物、基因改变和唾液标志物。这些生物标志物被用于烟草/槟榔诱发的口腔鳞状细胞癌的早期检测、风险评估和预后评估。
本范围综述为当前全球关于生物标志物在诊断烟草和槟榔诱发的口腔鳞状细胞癌中的应用研究现状提供了见解；它还为改善这种常见口腔恶性肿瘤的早期检测和管理提供了潜在途径。
