Parveen Sadaf, Khan Saba, Moin Shagufta, Nigar Asma, Khan Mohammad Mustufa, Alam Roshan
1Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India.
Endocr Regul. 2025 Apr 21;59(1):33-41. doi: 10.2478/enr-2025-0005. Print 2025 Jan 1.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrinopathies in women characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and insulin resistance affecting 5-20% of reproductive-aged women worldwide. Recent studies have emphasized the role of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene in the development of PCOS, specifically the rs9939609 A/T polymorphism, which is linked to an increased risk of PCOS. The study aimed to investigate the levels of FTO protein and its association with luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and anthropometric parameters in patients with PCOS compared to healthy controls. A total of 298 women, comprising 149 patients and 149 healthy controls, enrolled in the study. Anthropometric parameters (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference, WC; hip circumference, HC; waist-to-hip ratio, WHR), and hormonal assays (LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio) were performed. FTO protein levels were measured by ELISA kit and their association with these parameters was analyzed. A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the discriminatory power of FTO protein levels in distinguishing PCOS cases and controls. A value p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. FTO protein levels were significantly elevated in PCOS women with increased BMI, WC, HC, and WHR (p=<0.05). The mean of BMI showed a positive correlation with both WC (r=0.367, p<0.001) and HC (r=0.395, p<0.001). WC strongly correlated with HC (r=0.780, p<0.001) and WHR (r=0.465, p<0.001). LH significantly correlated with FSH (r=0.543, p<.001), and LH/FSH (r=0.553, p<.001). FTO protein showed a positive correlation with LH (r=0.364, p<0.001), and FSH (r=0.166, p<0.001). Additionally, a negative correlation of FTO protein with BMI (r=-0.190, p<0.05), WC (r=-0.277, p<0.05), and WHR (r=-0.408 p<0.001) was observed. The levels of FTO protein were significantly higher in PCOS patients compared to controls. Significant correlations were also found between FTO protein levels and the anthropometric or hormonal parameters. The AUC for FTO protein levels was 0.624 (p=0.550), indicating moderate discriminatory power, but lacking statistical significance. The study found that FTO protein levels are significantly higher in PCOS women correlating with anthropometric and hormonal parameters (increased LH, decreased FSH). This highlights potential involvement of FTO protein in the hormonal and metabolic disturbances characteristics of the syndrome indicating its biomarker character for the condition.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是女性最常见的内分泌疾病之一，其特征为雄激素过多、排卵功能障碍和胰岛素抵抗，影响着全球5%至20%的育龄妇女。最近的研究强调了脂肪量和肥胖相关（FTO）基因在PCOS发生发展中的作用，特别是rs9939609 A/T多态性，它与PCOS风险增加有关。本研究旨在调查PCOS患者与健康对照相比FTO蛋白水平及其与黄体生成素（LH）、促卵泡激素（FSH）和人体测量参数的关系。共有298名女性参与了本研究，其中包括149例患者和149名健康对照。进行了人体测量参数（体重指数、BMI；腰围、WC；臀围、HC；腰臀比、WHR）和激素检测（LH、FSH、LH/FSH比值）。通过ELISA试剂盒测量FTO蛋白水平，并分析其与这些参数的关系。进行了受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析，以评估FTO蛋白水平区分PCOS病例和对照的鉴别能力。p<0.05的值被认为具有统计学意义。BMI、WC、HC和WHR升高的PCOS女性中FTO蛋白水平显著升高（p≤0.05）。BMI平均值与WC（r=0.367，p<0.001）和HC（r=0.395，p<0.001）均呈正相关。WC与HC（r=0.780，p<0.001）和WHR（r=0.465，p<0.001）密切相关。LH与FSH（r=0.543，p<0.001）和LH/FSH（r=0.553，p<0.001）显著相关。FTO蛋白与LH（r=0.364，p<0.001）和FSH（r=0.166，p<0.001）呈正相关。此外，还观察到FTO蛋白与BMI（r=-0.190，p<0.05）、WC（r=-0.277，p<0.05）和WHR（r=-0.408，p<0.001）呈负相关。与对照组相比，PCOS患者的FTO蛋白水平显著更高。FTO蛋白水平与人体测量或激素参数之间也发现了显著相关性。FTO蛋白水平的AUC为0.624（p=0.550），表明具有中等鉴别能力，但缺乏统计学意义。该研究发现，PCOS女性的FTO蛋白水平显著更高，且与人体测量和激素参数（LH升高、FSH降低）相关。这突出了FTO蛋白可能参与该综合征的激素和代谢紊乱，表明其对该疾病具有生物标志物特征。
