Itoh K, Suzuki O, Yano S, Shiraishi H, Yanagisawa M
Angiology. 1985 Jul;36(7):414-8. doi: 10.1177/000331978503600702.
Two-D-Doppler echocardiography was used to diagnose two cases of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). The first case presented the supracardiac type, the second the infracardiac type. Blood flow imagings produced by 2D-Doppler echocardiography revealed shunt flow in the common pulmonary veins (CPV) and the vertical, innominate, and portal veins. The shunt flow in the vertical vein was laminar, though the shunt flow in the inflow tract of the right atrium was turbulent. Two dimensional Doppler echocardiography is very useful in the detection shunt flow in TAPVC.