Khoshkharam Mehdi, Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam, Sun Wenli
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100086, China.
Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Curr Org Synth. 2025;22(3):342-352. doi: 10.2174/0115701794274892231229110318.
Allelopathy related to a positive or negative impacts on one type of plant, by a chemical produced by another type of plant such as weeds, and different kinds of chemicals are hydroxamic acids, phenolics, and short-chain fatty acids. The potential allelopathic impacts of weeds is directly associated to the plan species used, as well as to the concentration of the aqueous extract available in the environment.
The present research manuscript attempts to find and identify the allelopathic interaction of aquatic extracts from dry shoots and seeds of mallow () on germination, seedling growth and development of three cultivars of maize. Maize seeds () were obtained as seed material: three maize seed cultivars were KSC 704 (Cultivar 1), KSC 500 (Cultivar 2), and KSC 302 (Cultivar 3). The aqueous extracts of mallow shoots and seed, in concentration of 1, 3, 5%, were made from the dried and crumbled above-ground plant parts. The influence of plant dosage was significant on seedling vigour index (SVI), coefficient of the rate of germination (CRG), total germination (T50), germination energy (GE), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), inhibition percentage (IP), fresh mass, dry mass, relative water content (RWC), and total water content (TWC). Different plant parts had meaningful influence on SVI, GI, MGT, CRG, GE, and IP. The impacts of cultivar on T50, IP, RWC, fresh mass, dry mass and TWC were significant. Along with the increase in the concentration of allelopathic components, a decrease in the germination activity of all tested maize cultivars was observed.
The highest SVI was related to control treatment followed by one and three percentage of plant dosages. KSC 704 obtained the maximum CRG and GE, and the minimum one was related to KSC 500. Three percentage of plant dosage has obtained the highest value of CRG and GE. The maximum and the minimum T50 was related to KSC 302 and KSC 704, respectively. The lowest values of GI and MGT was related to KSC 500, and the maximum values are related to KSC 704. While the maximum IP, RWC, fresh mass, dry mass and TWC was related to KSC 704, the lowest values were achieved in utilization of KSC 500. The RWC was the highest for seedlings grown on the 5% extract.
The information of this article can be useful in the conditions of the threat of maize seedlings wit the mass appearance of mallow.
化感作用是指一种植物（如杂草）产生的化学物质对另一种植物产生的正负影响，不同种类的化学物质包括异羟肟酸、酚类和短链脂肪酸。杂草潜在的化感影响与所使用的植物种类以及环境中可用水提取物的浓度直接相关。
本研究手稿试图发现并确定锦葵干茎和种子的水提取物对三个玉米品种发芽、幼苗生长和发育的化感相互作用。获取玉米种子（）作为种子材料：三个玉米种子品种分别为KSC 704（品种1）、KSC 500（品种2）和KSC 302（品种3）。锦葵茎和种子的水提取物，浓度为1%、3%、5%，由干燥并粉碎的地上植物部分制成。植物用量对幼苗活力指数（SVI）、发芽速率系数（CRG）、总发芽率（T50）、发芽势（GE）、平均发芽时间（MGT）、发芽指数（GI）、抑制率（IP）、鲜重、干重、相对含水量（RWC）和总含水量（TWC）有显著影响。不同植物部位对SVI、GI、MGT、CRG、GE和IP有显著影响。品种对T50、IP、RWC、鲜重、干重和TWC有显著影响。随着化感成分浓度的增加，观察到所有测试玉米品种的发芽活性降低。
最高的SVI与对照处理相关，其次是1%和3%的植物用量。KSC 704获得了最高的CRG和GE，最低的与KSC 500相关。3%的植物用量获得了最高的CRG和GE值。最大和最小的T50分别与KSC 302和KSC 704相关。最低的GI和MGT值与KSC 500相关，最高值与KSC 704相关。而最大的IP、RWC、鲜重、干重和TWC与KSC 704相关，在使用KSC 5时获得最低值00。在5%提取物上生长的幼苗RWC最高。
本文的信息在锦葵大量出现威胁玉米幼苗的情况下可能有用。
