Rigante Elena C L, Modugno Francesca, La Nasa Jacopo, Pizzimenti Silvia, Cataldi Tommaso R I, Calvano Cosima D
Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.
Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, 56121, Pisa, Italy.
Chempluschem. 2025 Jul;90(7):e202500059. doi: 10.1002/cplu.202500059. Epub 2025 May 6.
In recent years, graffiti and street art have gained recognition as legitimate art forms, deserving of the same care and attention as traditional art. As a result, conservators and restorers are now working to develop standardized guidelines for the cleaning, conservation, and restoration of these vibrant works. Our study takes a closer look at the materials used in street art, specifically the spray varnishes used by artists. Samples from two murals created in 2021 in Bari, Italy, are analyzed using a range of advanced techniques such as attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with UV-Vis and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS), and laser desorption ionization MS as well as pyrolysis-gas chromatography/MS. Acrylic, polyvinyl acetate, and styrene-acrylic resins are identified as the primary binders used in street art spray varnishes, along with common additives such as polyethylene and polypropylene glycol. The organic dyes and pigments, such as yellow (PY74), orange (PO36), red (rhodamine), and blue (phthalocyanine) hues used to create colorful images of street art, are also characterized. This study demonstrates the importance of a multitechnique approach in understanding the complex chemistry of modern spray varnishes used in street art.
近年来，涂鸦和街头艺术已被公认为是合法的艺术形式，理应得到与传统艺术同样的关注和重视。因此，文物保护修复人员目前正在努力制定针对这些充满活力的作品的清洁、保护和修复的标准化指南。我们的研究更深入地探讨了街头艺术中使用的材料，特别是艺术家使用的喷雾清漆。对2021年在意大利巴里创作的两幅壁画的样本，使用一系列先进技术进行分析，如衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法、反相液相色谱联用紫外可见光谱和电喷雾电离质谱（MS）、激光解吸电离质谱以及热解气相色谱/质谱。丙烯酸树脂、聚醋酸乙烯酯和苯乙烯 - 丙烯酸树脂被确定为街头艺术喷雾清漆中使用的主要粘合剂，还有常见的添加剂，如聚乙烯和聚丙二醇。用于创作街头艺术色彩丰富图像的有机染料和颜料，如黄色（PY74）、橙色（PO36）、红色（若丹明）和蓝色（酞菁）色调，也得到了表征。这项研究证明了采用多种技术方法来理解街头艺术中使用的现代喷雾清漆复杂化学性质的重要性。
