Nail Abdelsalam, Elamin Elwaleed M, Salih Omaima Abdel Majeed, Kordofani Yousif M, Kheir Musa M, Mukhtar Maowia M
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Tropical Diseases Teaching Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan.
Faculty of Medical Laboratories, Alzaim Alazhary University, Bioscience Research Institute, Khartoum, Sudan.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2025 Apr 22;113(1):15-17. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0816. Print 2025 Jul 2.
Leishmania major is the predominant cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Sudan. The disease frequently presents as localized skin lesions that usually heals spontaneously. A 10-year-old girl from Darfur, presented to Khartoum Dermatology Hospital with a 1-year history of widespread skin lesions. The lesions began as small papules on her upper and lower limbs and progressively involved all exposed areas, including her face, over 5 months. Diagnosis was confirmed by parasitology and culture from lesions aspirates. Leishmania major was identified by polymerase chain reaction. The patient was initially treated with intramuscular sodium stibogluconate (10 mg/kg) for 1 month, with no significant improvement. Subsequently, intravenous liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) was administered at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg daily in dextrose 5% for 14 days. Marked clinical improvement was observed, with lesions beginning to heal. Treatment was extended for an additional 40 days. The patient showed full recovery, with healed lesions leaving scars.
硕大利什曼原虫是苏丹皮肤利什曼病（CL）的主要病因。该病常表现为局部皮肤病变，通常可自愈。一名来自达尔富尔的10岁女孩前往喀土穆皮肤科医院就诊，有1年广泛皮肤病变病史。病变起初为上肢和下肢的小丘疹，在5个月内逐渐累及所有暴露部位，包括面部。通过病变抽吸物的寄生虫学检查和培养确诊。通过聚合酶链反应鉴定出硕大利什曼原虫。患者最初接受肌肉注射葡萄糖酸锑钠（10mg/kg）治疗1个月，无明显改善。随后，静脉注射脂质体两性霉素B（安必素），剂量为2.5mg/kg，每日1次，加入5%葡萄糖中，共14天。观察到明显的临床改善，病变开始愈合。治疗延长了40天。患者完全康复，病变愈合后留下疤痕。
