Moure Candela, Albuquerque Diana Ramírez, Peláez Angela León, Pinto Virginia Fernández, Alconada Teresa
Centro de Investigacisón y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, CCT‒La Plata,CONICETUniversidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115, B1900 ASH La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Área Química y Microbiología de Alimentos, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 3 Piso, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Int Microbiol. 2025 Apr 22. doi: 10.1007/s10123-025-00661-8.
The kefir granules are a microbial consortium with numerous properties, among which their antifungal action has been reported. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antifungal capacity of yeasts isolated from kefir against Fusarium graminearum for its possible application as biocontrol agents. The inhibition of fungal growth was analyzed, according to dual tests, and the production of volatile organic compounds. The inhibition of the production of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol was also analyzed. The six isolates studied belonged to the species Geotrichum candidum (2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1), Pichia kudriavzevii (2), and Pichia membranifaciens (1). They were isolated from kefir and identified in a previous work. The yeasts tested produced a reduction in the growth of F. graminearum in all assays. In particular, three of the isolates, 1 belonging to the species S. cerevisiae and 2 to the species P. kudriavzevii, generated volatile organic compounds that significantly inhibited the growth of the fungus in a 49.61, 51.46, and 49.61%, respectively. The yeasts produced an inhibition of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol correlated with a reduction in the growth of the fungus. The isolates of Geotrichum candidum (Gc30) and Pichia kudriavzevii (Pk27, PK20) significantly reduced the deoxynivalenol content of F. graminearum by 86, 89, and 88%, and the growth inhibition in the assay was 34, 61, and 48%, respectively. The data obtained about yeasts of novel origin are promising for their possible use as fungal biocontrol agents in foods as an alternative to agrochemicals.
开菲尔颗粒是一种具有多种特性的微生物聚集体，其中其抗真菌作用已有报道。本研究的目的是评估从开菲尔中分离出的酵母对禾谷镰刀菌的抗真菌能力，以确定其作为生物防治剂的潜在应用价值。根据双培养试验分析了对真菌生长的抑制作用以及挥发性有机化合物的产生情况。还分析了对霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇产生的抑制作用。所研究的6株分离株分别属于白地霉（2株）、酿酒酵母（1株）、库德里亚夫齐毕赤酵母（2株）和膜醭毕赤酵母（1株）。它们是从开菲尔中分离出来的，并在之前的研究中得到鉴定。在所进行的所有试验中，测试的酵母均能使禾谷镰刀菌的生长受到抑制。特别是，其中3株分离株，1株属于酿酒酵母，2株属于库德里亚夫齐毕赤酵母，所产生的挥发性有机化合物分别以49.61%、51.46%和49.61%的比例显著抑制了真菌的生长。酵母对霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的抑制作用与真菌生长的减少相关。白地霉（Gc30）和库德里亚夫齐毕赤酵母（Pk27、PK20）的分离株使禾谷镰刀菌的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇含量分别显著降低了86%、89%和88%，试验中的生长抑制率分别为34%、61%和48%。关于新型来源酵母的数据表明，它们有望作为食品中真菌生物防治剂来替代农用化学品。
