Liao Jinfeng, Yang Yixin, Li Jisong, Liu Zheng, Song Siyuan, Zeng Yu, Wang Yi
Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College of Norman Bethune University of Medical Sciences, Jilin, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 8;16:1561171. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1561171. eCollection 2025.
In solid organ transplantation, especially renal transplantation, for the induction of immune tolerance, accumulating evidence has revealed that Regulatory B cells (Breg) play a crucial role in stimulating immune tolerance, alleviating immune responses, and improving graft survival. We describe the heterogeneous nature of Bregs, focusing on their defining surface markers and regulatory functions. Meanwhile, the major cytokine secretion function and the correlation between Breg and Treg or other immune checkpoints to balance the immune responses are addressed. Furthermore, we summarized the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways or costimulatory stimuli for the differentiation from naïve B cells. More importantly, we summarized the progression of the immune tolerance induction role of Breg in solid organ (kidney, liver, heart, lung, and islet) transplantation. This is an up-to-date review from the origin of Breg to the function of Breg in solid organ transplantation and how it induces immune tolerance in both murine models and human solid organ transplantation.
在实体器官移植中，尤其是肾移植，为诱导免疫耐受，越来越多的证据表明调节性B细胞（Breg）在刺激免疫耐受、减轻免疫反应和提高移植物存活率方面发挥着关键作用。我们描述了Breg的异质性，重点关注其决定性表面标志物和调节功能。同时，探讨了Breg的主要细胞因子分泌功能以及Breg与调节性T细胞（Treg）或其他免疫检查点之间平衡免疫反应的相关性。此外，我们总结了幼稚B细胞分化的内在和外在途径或共刺激刺激因素。更重要的是，我们总结了Breg在实体器官（肾脏、肝脏、心脏、肺和胰岛）移植中诱导免疫耐受作用的进展。这是一篇从Breg的起源到其在实体器官移植中的功能，以及它如何在小鼠模型和人类实体器官移植中诱导免疫耐受的最新综述。
