Jiang Zhexuan, Liu Lan, Wang Sheliang, Ye Xiangsheng, Liu Zhaojun, Xu Fangsen
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Mar 10;14(6):859. doi: 10.3390/plants14060859.
Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for the development of crops, and its reproductive stage is particularly sensitive to B deficiency. L., as an important oil-crop species, is extremely vulnerable to B deficiency. The typical B-deficient symptom of "flowering without seed setting" usually results in severe yield loss. However, few studies have focused on the response of the reproductive organs to B deficiency. In this study, the B-efficient variety "Zhongshuang 11" (ZS11) and the B-inefficient variety "Westar 10" (W10) of were selected to be cultivated at the developmental stage (BBCH15) in a pot experiment, both with and without B supply. Clear phenotype differences in B deficiency between the two varieties' flowers appeared only at the reproductive stage, and only W10 showed symptoms of delayed flower opening, stigma exsertion, and resulted in abortion. Transcriptome analysis for the early buds of both varieties between B supply (+B) and free (-B) treatments revealed that W10 had more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) corresponding to its greater susceptibility to -B. As two potential mechanisms to improve B-efficient utilization, we focused on analyzing the expression profiles of B transporter-related genes and phytohormone metabolism-related genes. , and were identified as the key genes which could enhance the capacity of B translocation to buds of ZS11. Additionally, combined with a phytohormone concentration measurement, we showed that a significant increase in IAA and a drastic decrease in JA could predominantly lead to the abnormal development of W10's buds. () and (), which are IAA and JA biosynthesis genes, respectively, could be the key genes responsible for the changes in IAA and JA concentrations in W10's buds under -B. These candidate genes may regulate the genotype differences in the response of the rapeseed reproductive stage to -B between different B-efficient varieties. It also has potential to breed rapeseed varieties with B-efficient utilization in the reproductive stage, which would improve the seed yield under -B condition.
硼（B）是作物生长发育所必需的微量营养元素，其生殖阶段对缺硼尤为敏感。油菜作为一种重要的油料作物，极易受到缺硼的影响。典型的缺硼症状“花而不实”通常会导致严重的产量损失。然而，很少有研究关注生殖器官对缺硼的反应。在本研究中，选用硼高效品种“中双11号”（ZS11）和硼低效品种“Westar 10”（W10）在盆栽试验的发育阶段（BBCH15）进行培养，设置有硼供应和无硼供应两种处理。两个品种的花在缺硼时的明显表型差异仅出现在生殖阶段，只有W10表现出开花延迟、柱头外露的症状，并导致败育。对两个品种早期花蕾在供硼（+B）和不供硼（-B）处理下进行转录组分析，结果表明W10由于对-B更敏感而具有更多差异表达基因（DEG）。作为提高硼高效利用的两种潜在机制，我们着重分析了硼转运蛋白相关基因和植物激素代谢相关基因的表达谱。 、 和 被确定为可以增强硼向ZS11花蕾转运能力的关键基因。此外，结合植物激素浓度测定，我们发现生长素（IAA）显著增加和茉莉酸（JA）急剧下降主要导致W10花蕾发育异常。 （）和 （）分别是IAA和JA生物合成基因，可能是导致-B条件下W10花蕾中IAA和JA浓度变化的关键基因。这些候选基因可能调控不同硼效率品种油菜生殖阶段对-B反应的基因型差异。它还有潜力培育出在生殖阶段硼高效利用的油菜品种，这将提高缺硼条件下的种子产量。
