Nguyen Nga Thi Thu, Nguyen Bac Xuan, Habibi Nasratullah, Dabirimirhosseinloo Maryam, Oliveira Leonardo de Almeida, Terada Naoki, Sanada Atsushi, Kamata Atsushi, Koshio Kaihei
Faculty of International Agriculture and Food Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Sakuragaoka 1-1-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12406, Vietnam.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Mar 14;14(6):917. doi: 10.3390/plants14060917.
This study investigated the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite, as well as the vitamin C content, in various leafy vegetables, including amaranth greens, katuk, morning glory, squash leaves, vine spinach, leaf lettuce, romaine lettuce, Vietnamese basil, Vietnamese perilla, komatsuna, leeks, and spinach, grown with either organic or synthetic fertilizers. The findings indicate that the type of fertilizer significantly influences nitrate accumulation and vitamin C content in these vegetables. Organic fertilizers were found to reduce nitrate levels and increase vitamin C content in amaranth greens, katuk, morning glory, squash leaves, vine spinach, leaf lettuce, Vietnamese basil, Vietnamese perilla, and spinach compared to the results for synthetic fertilizers. However, high nitrate concentrations in leaf lettuce, komatsuna, and spinach pose potential health risks. The study also identified elevated nitrate levels in vegetables that are not currently regulated. Furthermore, more than half of the samples contained nitrite, for which no maximum permissible level has been established. These findings underscore the importance of organic vegetable cultivation in enhancing both human health and environmental sustainability.
本研究调查了使用有机肥料或合成肥料种植的各种叶菜类蔬菜（包括苋菜、卡图克、空心菜、南瓜叶、藤菜、叶用生菜、长叶生菜、越南罗勒、越南紫苏、小松菜、韭菜和菠菜）中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的积累情况以及维生素C含量。研究结果表明，肥料类型对这些蔬菜中的硝酸盐积累和维生素C含量有显著影响。与合成肥料相比，发现有机肥料可降低苋菜、卡图克、空心菜、南瓜叶、藤菜、叶用生菜、越南罗勒、越南紫苏和菠菜中的硝酸盐含量，并提高其维生素C含量。然而，叶用生菜、小松菜和菠菜中的高硝酸盐浓度存在潜在健康风险。该研究还发现目前未受监管的蔬菜中硝酸盐含量升高。此外，超过一半的样本含有亚硝酸盐，目前尚未确定其最大允许含量。这些发现强调了有机蔬菜种植对增进人类健康和环境可持续性的重要性。
