McMartin K E, Shiao C Q, Collins T D, Redetzki H M
Alcohol. 1985 May-Jun;2(3):473-7. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(85)90118-1.
Previous studies with rats showed that acute treatment with ethanol (4 g/kg) produce a marked increase in urinary folate levels, followed by a decrease in plasma folate levels. Analogous studies with human volunteer subjects using a lower dose of ethanol showed that there were small, but statistically significant increases in urinary folate levels after four hours. The initial ethanol dose was 1.0 g/kg with a single supplement of 0.1-0.2 g/kg to maintain ethanol blood levels at about 100 mg/dl for six hours. Further studies with rats were designed to test the cumulative effects of repeated daily doses of ethanol. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated for 1, 2, 3, or 4 days either with ethanol orally in 4 doses of 1 g/kg each at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours or with glucose orally in 4 isocaloric doses. Urine was collected at timed intervals up to 12 hours after each daily dose. The pattern of the increase in urinary folate levels was similar in all groups, whether treated for 1, 2, 3 or 4 days. These results suggest that repeated ethanol treatment can lead to a marked cumulative folate loss via increased urinary excretion and that increased urinary folate excretion may contribute to the development of folate deficiency in humans.
先前对大鼠的研究表明，用乙醇（4克/千克）进行急性处理会使尿中叶酸水平显著升高，随后血浆叶酸水平降低。对人类志愿者进行的类似研究使用较低剂量的乙醇，结果显示4小时后尿中叶酸水平有小幅但具有统计学意义的升高。初始乙醇剂量为1.0克/千克，单次补充0.1 - 0.2克/千克以将乙醇血药浓度维持在约100毫克/分升达6小时。对大鼠进行的进一步研究旨在测试每日重复给予乙醇的累积效应。雄性斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠接受为期1、2、3或4天的处理，要么在0、1、2和3小时分别口服4剂1克/千克的乙醇，要么口服4剂等热量的葡萄糖。在每日每次给药后长达12小时的定时间隔收集尿液。无论处理1、2、3还是4天，所有组尿中叶酸水平升高的模式相似。这些结果表明，重复给予乙醇处理可通过增加尿排泄导致显著的累积叶酸流失，并且尿中叶酸排泄增加可能导致人类叶酸缺乏症的发生。
