Knani Salah, Khemis Ismahene Ben, Fuhr Ana Carolina Ferreira Piazzi, Lefi Nizar, Mahmoud Safwat A, Dotto Guilherme Luiz, Alenazi Abdulaziz, Selmi Ridha
Center for Scientific Research and Entrepreneurship, Northern Border University, Arar, 73213, Saudi Arabia.
Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, LR 18 ES 18, Environment Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 24;15(1):14238. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92567-8.
In this study, the experimental adsorption isotherms of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-DA) on peanut skin treated with sulfuric acid were analyzed under different temperatures and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption mechanism was interpreted based on statistical physics theory using the homogeneous double-layer model with one energy (HDLM1E). The modeling results indicated that the removal of 2,4-DA molecules occurred through a multi-interactive adsorption mechanism at temperatures of 25, 35, and 45 °C (0.76 < n < 0.99). In comparison, at 55 °C, a monomolecular adsorption mechanism was observed (n = 1.00). At 25 °C, the adsorbent demonstrated excellent performance in the 2,4-DA removal, with a maximum capacity of 244.33 mg/g. The increase in temperature reduced the adsorbent's performance in removing 2,4-DA molecules because it increased thermal collisions, which harmed the system. From an energetic point of view, the adsorbent showed less effectiveness in removing the herbicide at high temperatures, indicating an exothermic adsorption process. The surface adsorption energies ranged from 4.72 to 6.06 kJ/mol, indicating the predominance of a physisorption mechanism. Therefore, the adsorption process at low temperatures is essential for industrial applications to ensure efficient wastewater treatment. This result is possible using an adsorbent from peanut skin subjected to acid treatment. Finally, the creation of an adsorbent from acid-treated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) skin presents an excellent alternative, yielding exceptional results in removing the 2,4-DA herbicide.
在本研究中，分析了硫酸处理的花生皮对2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-DA）在不同温度下的实验吸附等温线，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱进行了表征。基于统计物理理论，使用单能量均匀双层模型（HDLM1E）解释了吸附机理。建模结果表明，在25、35和45℃（0.76＜n＜0.99）的温度下，2,4-DA分子的去除是通过多相互作用吸附机制进行的。相比之下，在55℃时，观察到单分子吸附机制（n = 1.00）。在25℃时，吸附剂在去除2,4-DA方面表现出优异的性能，最大吸附量为244.33mg/g。温度升高降低了吸附剂去除2,4-DA分子的性能，因为它增加了热碰撞，对系统造成了损害。从能量角度来看，吸附剂在高温下去除除草剂的效果较差，表明吸附过程是放热的。表面吸附能范围为4.72至6.06kJ/mol，表明物理吸附机制占主导地位。因此，低温下的吸附过程对于工业应用以确保高效废水处理至关重要。使用经酸处理的花生皮制成的吸附剂可以得到这样的结果。最后，用酸处理的花生（落花生）皮制备吸附剂是一个很好的选择，在去除2,4-DA除草剂方面产生了优异的效果。
