Dashtban Kenari Seyedeh Laleh, Mortazavi Saviz, Mosadeghsedghi Sanaz, Atallah Charbel, Volchek Konstantin
CanmetMINING, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0G1, Canada.
Office of Energy Research and Development, Natural Resources Canada, 580 Booth Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada.
Membranes (Basel). 2025 Apr 3;15(4):112. doi: 10.3390/membranes15040112.
Mining discharge, namely acid mine drainage (AMD), is a significant environmental issue due to mining activities and site-specific factors. These pose challenges in choosing and executing suitable treatment procedures that are both sustainable and effective. Ceramic membranes, with their durability, long lifespan, and ease of maintenance, are increasingly used in industrial wastewater treatment due to their superior features. This review provides an overview of current remediation techniques for mining effluents, focusing on the use of ceramic membrane technology. It examines pressure-driven ceramic membrane systems like microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration, as well as the potential of vacuum membrane distillation for mine drainage treatment. Research on ceramic membranes in the mining sector is limited due to challenges such as complex effluent composition, low membrane packing density, and poor ion separation efficiency. To assess their effectiveness, this review also considers studies conducted on simulated water. Future research should focus on enhancing capital costs, developing more effective membrane configurations, modifying membrane outer layers, evaluating the long-term stability of the membrane performance, and exploring water recycling during mineral processing.
采矿排水，即酸性矿山排水（AMD），由于采矿活动和特定场地因素，是一个重大的环境问题。这些因素给选择和实施既可持续又有效的合适处理程序带来了挑战。陶瓷膜因其耐用性、长寿命和易于维护等卓越特性，在工业废水处理中越来越受到青睐。本综述概述了当前采矿废水的修复技术，重点关注陶瓷膜技术的应用。它考察了压力驱动的陶瓷膜系统，如微滤、超滤和纳滤，以及真空膜蒸馏用于矿山排水处理的潜力。由于废水成分复杂、膜装填密度低和离子分离效率差等挑战，采矿领域对陶瓷膜的研究有限。为评估其有效性，本综述还考虑了在模拟水上进行的研究。未来的研究应集中在提高资本成本、开发更有效的膜配置、改性膜外层、评估膜性能的长期稳定性以及探索矿物加工过程中的水循环利用。
