Hoffman H J, Duffner P K
Cancer. 1985 Oct 1;56(7 Suppl):1778-82. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19851001)56:7+<1778::aid-cncr2820561309>3.0.co;2-i.
In the past, extraneural metastasis of central nervous system tumors was considered to be a rare event. However, more recently, a considerable body of literature has accumulated so that to date some 282 patients with extraneural metastases have been reported. Of these reported cases, 40.4% have occurred in children. Although central nervous system tumors can spread spontaneously beyond the confines of the central nervous system, most instances of extraneural metastasis occur after craniotomy or diversionary cerebrospinal fluid shunting. Extraneural metastases are universally fatal. Although it is not curative, chemotherapeutic treatment of metastases may greatly decrease the patient's discomfort and improve the quality and duration of survival. Every effort should be made to prevent this complication by avoiding diversionary cerebrospinal fluid shunting procedures or by incorporating a filtering device if a shunt becomes necessary.
过去，中枢神经系统肿瘤的神经外转移被认为是一种罕见事件。然而，最近积累了大量文献，迄今为止已报道了约282例神经外转移患者。在这些报道的病例中，40.4%发生在儿童身上。虽然中枢神经系统肿瘤可自发扩散至中枢神经系统范围之外，但大多数神经外转移情况发生在开颅手术或脑脊液分流术后。神经外转移普遍是致命的。虽然无法治愈，但对转移灶进行化疗可能会极大减轻患者不适，并改善生存质量和生存期。应尽一切努力预防这种并发症，方法是避免脑脊液分流术，或者在必须进行分流时采用过滤装置。
