Jiang Zhongquan, Ji Yunyun, Xing Ruikai, Xie Xinyi, Yang Guangxin, Kong Cong, Shen Xiaosheng
East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Apr 9;14(4):388. doi: 10.3390/biology14040388.
Pyrethroid pesticides like deltamethrin and cypermethrin are widely used in aquaculture, yet their food safety implications remain understudied. This research investigated their acute toxicity, tissue-specific bioaccumulation, and elimination patterns in crucian carp (). Acute toxicity tests determined 96 h LC50 values of 9.6811.22 ng·mL⁻ (deltamethrin) and 3.125.01 ng·mL⁻ (cypermethrin) with 95% confidence intervals. During 8-day exposures to sublethal concentrations (1/10 and 1/100 of LC50), deltamethrin accumulated predominantly in the liver (peak: 21.98 ng·g⁻ at 1.04 ng·mL⁻, standard deviation is 0.064 ng·mL⁻), whereas cypermethrin concentrated in muscle (peak: 9.76 ng·g⁻ at 0.40 ng·mL⁻, standard deviation is 0.138 ng·mL⁻). A 7-day elimination phase revealed faster clearance of low-concentration residues, with >50% removal within 24 h in all tissues. Bioconcentration factors were highest in the liver (36.62 for deltamethrin) and muscle (45.17 for cypermethrin). These results highlight tissue-specific accumulation risks and rapid initial elimination, providing critical data to optimize pesticide-dosing protocols, mitigate ecotoxicological threats, and enhance food safety in aquaculture systems.
溴氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯等拟除虫菊酯类农药在水产养殖中广泛使用，但其对食品安全的影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究调查了它们在鲫鱼中的急性毒性、组织特异性生物累积和消除模式。急性毒性试验确定96小时半数致死浓度（LC50）值为9.6811.22纳克·毫升⁻¹（溴氰菊酯）和3.125.01纳克·毫升⁻¹（氯氰菊酯），置信区间为95%。在8天暴露于亚致死浓度（LC50的1/10和1/100）期间，溴氰菊酯主要在肝脏中累积（峰值：在1.04纳克·毫升⁻¹时为21.98纳克·克⁻¹，标准差为0.064纳克·毫升⁻¹），而氯氰菊酯则集中在肌肉中（峰值：在0.40纳克·毫升⁻¹时为9.76纳克·克⁻¹，标准差为0.138纳克·毫升⁻¹）。为期7天的消除阶段显示低浓度残留物清除更快，所有组织在24小时内清除率均超过50%。生物富集系数在肝脏中最高（溴氰菊酯为36.62），在肌肉中最高（氯氰菊酯为45.17）。这些结果突出了组织特异性累积风险和快速的初始消除，为优化农药给药方案、减轻生态毒理学威胁以及提高水产养殖系统中的食品安全提供了关键数据。
