Jeong Jinyoung, Kim Junsik, Lee Boram, Park Cheolju, Kim Minseok
Precision Animal Nutrition Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
Animal Biotechnology and Genomics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Apr 16;14(4):429. doi: 10.3390/biology14040429.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a widespread mycotoxin which contaminates several crops, including maize, wheat, and barley. In this study, we investigated the effects of orally administered DON on growth performance, blood biochemistry, histology, the gut microbiome, and metabolism in rats. Six-week-old rats, acclimatized for one week, were subjected to different dietary treatments for 42 days, as follows: CON (control): 0.9% saline; T1: 0.5 ppm DON; T2: 50 ppm DON; and T3: 100 ppm DON. The T3 group had the lowest final body weight (298.5 ± 3.69 g) and average daily gain compared with the control group (338.9 ± 6.43 g, < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was highest in the T3 group (4.28 ± 0.28) compared with that in the control group (3.12 ± 0.13, < 0.05). DON treatment significantly reduced serum levels of creatinine, amylase, urea nitrogen, and alkaline phosphatase, but not alanine aminotransferase. Fibrosis and apoptosis were exacerbated in various tissues with increasing DON concentration. The metabolite profiles of several tissues were significantly different in the DON-treated and control groups. In the cecum, DON treatment increased the abundance of Desulfobacteria, while decreasing that of Firmicutes. Our results indicate that DON levels above the maximum residue limit have serious health consequences for animals.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）是一种广泛存在的霉菌毒素，它会污染多种作物，包括玉米、小麦和大麦。在本研究中，我们调查了经口给予DON对大鼠生长性能、血液生化指标、组织学、肠道微生物群和代谢的影响。六周龄大鼠适应环境一周后，进行了42天的不同饮食处理，具体如下：CON（对照组）：0.9%生理盐水；T1：0.5 ppm DON；T2：50 ppm DON；T3：100 ppm DON。与对照组（338.9±6.43 g，P<0.05）相比，T3组的最终体重最低（298.5±3.69 g），平均日增重也最低。与对照组（3.12±0.13，P<0.05）相比，T3组的饲料转化率最高（4.28±0.28）。DON处理显著降低了血清肌酐、淀粉酶、尿素氮和碱性磷酸酶水平，但未降低谷丙转氨酶水平。随着DON浓度的增加，各组织中的纤维化和细胞凋亡加剧。DON处理组和对照组的几个组织的代谢物谱存在显著差异。在盲肠中，DON处理增加了脱硫杆菌的丰度，同时降低了厚壁菌门的丰度。我们的结果表明，超过最大残留限量的DON水平会对动物健康造成严重影响。
