Jeong Jin-Young, Kim Junsik, Kim Minji, Park Sungkwon
Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Oct 31;13(11):889. doi: 10.3390/biology13110889.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin observed in cereal grains, and feed contamination poses health risks to pigs. Biological antidotes, such as synbiotics (SYNs), have garnered attention for mitigating DON toxicity. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of SYNs by comparing the blood biochemistry, histology, and gut microbiome of weaned piglets. A 4-week trial was conducted on 32 weaned piglets. After a week of diet and environmental adaptation, the pigs were divided into four groups: (1) control (CON, = 8); (2) SYN ( = 8); (3) DON ( = 8); and (4) DON+SYN ( = 8). The SYN supplementation of weaned piglets increased the final body weight (21.71 ± 0.93 vs. 20.73 ± 0.84), average daily gain (0.38 ± 0.02 vs. 0.34 ± 0.02), and gain-to-feed ratio (0.49 ± 0.04 vs. 0.43 ± 0.02), and decreased the feed conversion ratio (2.14 ± 0.14 vs. 2.39 ± 0.13) compared to the DON group. A high dose of DON induced liver and colon fibrosis and liver and cecum apoptosis, which were alleviated by SYNs. Glucose in the DON group (84.9 ± 3.7) was significantly lower than in the control (101.3 ± 4.2). Additionally, both the DON and DON+SYN groups exhibited higher creatine (0.9 ± 0.0 and 0.9 ± 0.1) and lower cholesterol (88.3 ± 3.2 and 90.0 ± 4.8) levels ( < 0.05). In conclusion, SYNs alleviated DON toxicity, indicating its potential as an antidote for specific biomarkers.
脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）是谷物中常见的霉菌毒素，饲料污染会对猪的健康构成风险。生物解毒剂，如合生元（SYNs），已引起人们对减轻DON毒性的关注。本研究旨在通过比较断奶仔猪的血液生化、组织学和肠道微生物群来评估SYNs的功效。对32头断奶仔猪进行了为期4周的试验。在经过一周的饮食和环境适应后，将猪分为四组：（1）对照组（CON，n = 8）；（2）SYN组（n = 8）；（3）DON组（n = 8）；（4）DON + SYN组（n = 8）。与DON组相比，断奶仔猪补充SYNs增加了末体重（21.71±0.93对20.73±0.84）、平均日增重（0.38±0.02对0.34±0.02）和料重比（0.49±0.04对0.43±0.02），并降低了饲料转化率（2.14±0.14对2.39±0.13）。高剂量的DON诱导肝脏和结肠纤维化以及肝脏和盲肠细胞凋亡，而SYNs可缓解这些症状。DON组的葡萄糖水平（84.9±3.7）显著低于对照组（101.3±4.2）。此外，DON组和DON + SYN组的肌酸水平均较高（0.9±0.0和0.9±0.1），胆固醇水平较低（88.3±3.2和90.0±4.8）（P < 0.05）。总之，SYNs减轻了DON的毒性，表明其作为特定生物标志物解毒剂的潜力。
