Yang Hao, Cai Dunbo, Qian Ling, Zhang Runqing, Lu Songfeng, Sun Chengfu
Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security, Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security, School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Center for Technology Research & Innovation, China Mobile (Suzhou) Software Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215163, China.
Entropy (Basel). 2025 Apr 10;27(4):405. doi: 10.3390/e27040405.
In this study, we propose a single-state multi-party quantum key agreement (MQKA) protocol with single-particle measurement. Firstly, a single-state three-party quantum key agreement protocol with single-particle measurement is introduced, followed by a security analysis that validated its capability to resist potential internal and external attacks. Furthermore, we utilize multi-particle entangled states to present a multi-party version of the single-state multi-party quantum key agreement with single-particle measurement. In comparison to previous MQKA protocols, our approach presents the following advantages: it employs one kind of multi-particle entangled state as the quantum resource; eliminates the need for entanglement swapping techniques, unitary operations, or pre-shared keys between participants; uses only the X measurement basis and Z measurement basis; transmits fewer qubits; consumes fewer qubits; and has higher qubit efficiency.
在本研究中，我们提出了一种具有单粒子测量的单态多方量子密钥协商（MQKA）协议。首先，介绍了一种具有单粒子测量的单态三方量子密钥协商协议，随后进行了安全性分析，验证了其抵抗潜在内部和外部攻击的能力。此外，我们利用多粒子纠缠态提出了具有单粒子测量的单态多方量子密钥协商的多方版本。与先前的MQKA协议相比，我们的方法具有以下优点：它采用一种多粒子纠缠态作为量子资源；无需纠缠交换技术、酉运算或参与者之间的预共享密钥；仅使用X测量基和Z测量基；传输的量子比特更少；消耗的量子比特更少；并且具有更高的量子比特效率。
