Lee Ji-Ho, Shin Taewoo, Park Jung-Min, Seol Jae-Hee
Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Mar 26;61(4):604. doi: 10.3390/medicina61040604.
: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a childhood systematic vasculitis. Emerging evidence suggests a link between KD and long-term neurological implications. This study examines the association between KD and subsequent neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders using national health data from South Korea. : Using the National Health Information Database, we identified KD patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2021 and selected those born between 2008 and 2015. Propensity score matching with a 1:4 ratio was applied to create a control group. The incidence of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders from 2017 to 2021 was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for age, sex, and urbanicity. : This study included 41,806 KD subjects and 163,829 matched controls. KD was associated with an increased risk of certain neuropsychiatric disorders: anxiety disorder (HR: 1.124, 1.047-1.207), sleep-related disorder (HR: 1.257, 1.094-1.444), movement disorder (HR: 1.227, 1.030-1.461), and any neuropsychiatric disorder (HR: 1.102, 1.053-1.153). For neurodevelopmental disorders, KD patients showed a lower incidence of intellectual disability (HR: 0.747, 0.641-0.871) but an increased risk of tic disorder (HR: 1.148, 1.020-1.292). Male gender and urban residency were associated with higher incidence rates for certain conditions. : This study demonstrates that KD patients show increased risks for anxiety, sleep-related disorder, movement disorder, and tic disorder, a reduced incidence of intellectual disability, and a higher risk of tic disorder. These findings highlight the need for long-term neurological monitoring in KD patients and provide insights into its potential neurodevelopmental impact.
川崎病（KD）是一种儿童期系统性血管炎。新出现的证据表明KD与长期神经学影响之间存在联系。本研究利用韩国的国家健康数据，探讨KD与随后的神经精神和神经发育障碍之间的关联。：利用国家健康信息数据库，我们确定了2002年至2021年间诊断出的KD患者，并选择了2008年至2015年间出生的患者。采用1:4比例的倾向得分匹配法建立对照组。使用Cox比例风险模型分析2017年至2021年间神经精神和神经发育障碍的发病率，并对年龄、性别和城市化程度进行调整。：本研究纳入了41,806名KD受试者和163,829名匹配的对照组。KD与某些神经精神障碍的风险增加相关：焦虑症（风险比：1.124，1.047 - 1.207）、睡眠相关障碍（风险比：1.257，1.094 - 1.444）、运动障碍（风险比：1.227，1.030 - 1.461）以及任何神经精神障碍（风险比：1.102，1.053 - 1.153）。对于神经发育障碍，KD患者智力残疾的发病率较低（风险比：0.747，0.641 - 0.871），但抽动障碍的风险增加（风险比：1.148，1.020 - 1.292）。男性性别和城市居住与某些疾病的较高发病率相关。：本研究表明，KD患者患焦虑症、睡眠相关障碍、运动障碍和抽动障碍的风险增加，智力残疾的发病率降低，抽动障碍的风险更高。这些发现凸显了对KD患者进行长期神经学监测的必要性，并为其潜在的神经发育影响提供了见解。
