Timofte Zorila Mihaela Madalina, Vitiello Livio, Lixi Filippo, Coppola Alessia, Cukurova Feyza, Pellegrino Alfonso, Giannaccare Giuseppe
Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Department of Ophthalmology, Cai Ferate Clinical Hospital, 1 Garabet Ibraileanu Street, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
Life (Basel). 2025 Apr 12;15(4):639. doi: 10.3390/life15040639.
Photic retinopathy is an uncommon clinical entity characterized by retinal damage brought on by excessive exposure to light without protection. It encompasses several distinct clinical categories, including solar maculopathy, handheld laser maculopathy, arc welding maculopathy, and iatrogenic macular degeneration. These clinical entities result from exposure to diverse light sources, such as solar radiation, laser pointers, welding arcs, and operating microscopes during ophthalmic procedures. Patients typically present with bilateral but asymmetric symptoms, including reduced visual acuity, central or paracentral scotomas, photophobia, metamorphopsia, and headaches. After exposure, most people can recover on their own in a matter of weeks to six months without the need for special care. However, thanks to their anti-inflammatory properties, several clinical cases reporting the use of steroids for acute photic retinopathy have been documented in the scientific literature, together with the use of antioxidants. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on this phototoxic maculopathy, describing its different clinical entities, diagnosis, and treatment options, and also focusing on the role of optical coherence tomography for its management.
光性视网膜病变是一种罕见的临床病症，其特征是在无防护情况下过度暴露于光线下导致视网膜损伤。它包括几种不同的临床类型，包括日光性黄斑病变、手持激光黄斑病变、电弧焊黄斑病变和医源性黄斑变性。这些临床病症是由暴露于多种光源引起的，如太阳辐射、激光笔、焊接电弧以及眼科手术期间的手术显微镜。患者通常表现为双侧但不对称的症状，包括视力下降、中心或旁中心暗点、畏光、视物变形和头痛。暴露后，大多数人可在数周至六个月内自行恢复，无需特殊护理。然而，由于其抗炎特性，科学文献中记录了几例使用类固醇治疗急性光性视网膜病变的临床病例，同时也有使用抗氧化剂的情况。本综述的目的是提供关于这种光毒性黄斑病变的最新信息，描述其不同的临床类型、诊断和治疗选择，并重点关注光学相干断层扫描在其管理中的作用。
