Koenig Viktoria, Joestl Julian, Ihra Gerald, Windpassinger Marita, Monai Maximilian, Fochtmann-Frana Alexandra
Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Private Clinic, Spitalgasse 19, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
J Clin Med. 2025 Apr 13;14(8):2659. doi: 10.3390/jcm14082659.
High-voltage injuries pose severe risks, particularly among train surfers and occupational workers. This study compares current flow mechanisms and their association with cardiac failure and kidney function problems in these groups. : A retrospective analysis of 102 patients treated for high-voltage injuries between 1994 and 2024 was conducted, including 32 train-surfing and 70 work-related cases. Demographics, current flow patterns, and complications were analyzed. : Train surfers, mostly young males (median age: 19 years), sustained more severe burns compared to older males with work-related injuries (median age: 34 years), with a %TBSA of 47.6% vs. 25.4% ( < 0.0001). Vertical electrical flow was predominant among train surfers (65.62%) and led to cardiac failure in 37.5% of cases. In contrast, diagonal flow was most common in work-related injuries (58.57%). Cardiac failure occurred in 21.57% of all patients, with vertical flow posing the highest risk (38.46%). Kidney failure affected 43.75% of train surfers and 21.43% of work-related cases, with dialysis required in 21.57% overall. Train surfers were more likely to require resuscitation (43.75% vs. 15.71%, = 0.005), while ECG findings showed no significant differences ( = 0.325). Biomarker levels, such as CK, myoglobin, and troponin, were significantly higher in train surfers, reflecting greater muscle damage. : Current flow mechanisms significantly influence cardiac and renal complications. Vertical flow, common in train surfers, is strongly associated with cardiac failure, while work-related injuries exhibit varied flow patterns. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies and public awareness.
高压电损伤带来严重风险，在火车冲浪者和职业工作者中尤为如此。本研究比较了这些群体中的电流传导机制及其与心力衰竭和肾功能问题的关联。：对1994年至2024年间接受高压电损伤治疗的102例患者进行了回顾性分析，包括32例火车冲浪相关病例和70例工作相关病例。分析了人口统计学数据、电流传导模式和并发症。：火车冲浪者大多为年轻男性（中位年龄：19岁），与工作相关损伤的老年男性（中位年龄：34岁）相比，烧伤更严重，总体表面积百分比分别为47.6%和25.4%（<0.0001）。垂直电流在火车冲浪者中占主导（65.62%），37.5%的病例导致心力衰竭。相比之下，对角电流在工作相关损伤中最常见（58.57%）。所有患者中有21.57%发生心力衰竭，垂直电流风险最高（38.46%）。肾衰竭影响了43.75%的火车冲浪者和21.43%的工作相关病例，总体有21.57%需要透析。火车冲浪者更有可能需要复苏（43.75%对15.71%，P = 0.005），而心电图结果无显著差异（P = 0.325）。火车冲浪者的生物标志物水平，如肌酸激酶、肌红蛋白和肌钙蛋白，显著更高，反映出更大的肌肉损伤。：电流传导机制显著影响心脏和肾脏并发症。火车冲浪者中常见的垂直电流与心力衰竭密切相关，而工作相关损伤表现出多种电流模式。这些发现凸显了针对性预防策略和公众意识的必要性。
