Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy -
Section of Orthopedics, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 May;61(5):707-711. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11379-3.
Surfing is an increasingly popular sport in the world, but it is not sufficiently investigated in terms of epidemiology of injuries and possible prevention strategies. Moreover, there are different surfing disciplines, with specific characteristics and therefore different potential risks of injury. The aim of this study was to look at the injuries of recreational surfers in an Italian cohort, distinguishing between trauma and overuse lesions and putting in evidence any difference between specific water board sports.
The design is that of a retrospective observational study. An online survey was distributed to a group of Italian surfers that are members of a surfing association. The survey comprised: demographic data, surfing information such as number of sessions per year and years of experience, and surfing injuries story. The sample size consisted of 126 recreational surfers who practiced four different types of surfing: surf, kitesurf, windsurf and stand-up paddle.
The incidence of trauma was significantly higher than the incidence of overuse lesions in all four water board sports evaluated (e.g. in surf, 81% for trauma vs. 27% for overuse, with a difference of 55% , P<0.0001). There was a statistically significant effect of the number of surfing sessions per year both for trauma (W=6.36, P=0.0117) and for total injuries (trauma + overuse; W=4.30, P=0.0381), with a 12-times increased risk for the surfers who performed more than 80 sessions per year. The risk of overuse injuries was higher for those who practice surf for more than seven years (P=0.0193).
Traumas are more frequent than overuse injuries for all the investigated surfing disciplines. The risk of injury increases as the number of annual sessions and the years of practice increase, demonstrating that experience is not a protective factor, whereas higher exposure is certainly a risk factor. New injury prevention strategies should be based on athletic training and preparation programs, traditionally lacking among recreational surfers.
冲浪在全球范围内是一项越来越受欢迎的运动，但目前对其损伤的流行病学和可能的预防策略研究还不够充分。此外，还有不同的冲浪运动项目，具有特定的特征，因此有不同的潜在受伤风险。本研究的目的是观察意大利冲浪人群中休闲冲浪者的损伤情况，区分创伤性和过度使用性损伤，并展示特定水上运动板之间的任何差异。
该研究设计为回顾性观察性研究。向意大利冲浪协会的一组成员发放了一份在线调查。调查内容包括：人口统计学数据、冲浪信息（每年冲浪次数和经验年限）和冲浪受伤史。样本量由 126 名从事四种不同类型冲浪的休闲冲浪者组成：冲浪、风筝冲浪、帆板和站立式桨板。
在所有四种水上运动板中，创伤性损伤的发生率明显高于过度使用性损伤的发生率（例如，在冲浪中，创伤性损伤为 81%，过度使用性损伤为 27%，差异为 55%，P<0.0001）。每年的冲浪次数对创伤性损伤（W=6.36，P=0.0117）和总损伤（创伤性损伤+过度使用性损伤；W=4.30，P=0.0381）均有统计学显著影响，每年进行 80 次以上冲浪的冲浪者受伤风险增加 12 倍。冲浪年限超过 7 年的冲浪者过度使用性损伤的风险更高（P=0.0193）。
在所调查的所有冲浪运动项目中，创伤性损伤比过度使用性损伤更为常见。受伤风险随着每年冲浪次数和实践年限的增加而增加，这表明经验不是保护因素，而更高的暴露度肯定是一个风险因素。新的损伤预防策略应基于运动训练和准备计划，而这些在休闲冲浪者中通常缺乏。
