Lages Daniele Dos Santos, Maciel Isabela Cristina Lana, Vidal Sarah Lamas, Lana Francisco Carlos Félix
Postgraduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Mar 25;22(4):490. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22040490.
Leprosy, a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, continues to be a significant public health challenge in Brazil, which has a high rate of new cases and late diagnoses. This study investigates the relationship between Primary Health Care (PHC) and Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage and leprosy detection in Minas Gerais, a state marked by heterogeneity in the distribution of the disease. This observational and ecological study analyzed data from 2010 to 2020, which were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the EGESTOR-AB portal. Using statistical methods, such as Pearson's correlation and Prais-Winsten Linear Regression, trends and associations between coverage variables and leprosy indicators were assessed. This study found that PHC and FHS coverage expansion in Minas Gerais was not directly associated with a uniform reduction in late leprosy diagnosis. The findings indicate that the expansion of PHC and the FHS has not been accompanied by a homogeneous reduction in late diagnoses. It is therefore recommended that active surveillance actions be strengthened, that teams be continuously trained, and that strategies recommended by the WHO be integrated.
麻风病是一种由麻风分枝杆菌引起的慢性疾病，在巴西仍然是一项重大的公共卫生挑战，该国新病例和晚期诊断率都很高。本研究调查了初级卫生保健（PHC）和家庭健康战略（FHS）覆盖范围与米纳斯吉拉斯州麻风病检测之间的关系，该州的疾病分布具有异质性。这项观察性和生态学研究分析了2010年至2020年的数据，这些数据来自法定传染病信息系统（SINAN）和EGESTOR-AB门户网站。使用诸如皮尔逊相关性和普赖斯-温斯坦线性回归等统计方法，评估了覆盖变量与麻风病指标之间的趋势和关联。本研究发现，米纳斯吉拉斯州初级卫生保健和家庭健康战略覆盖范围的扩大与晚期麻风病诊断的统一减少没有直接关联。研究结果表明，初级卫生保健和家庭健康战略的扩大并没有伴随着晚期诊断的均匀减少。因此，建议加强主动监测行动，持续培训团队，并整合世界卫生组织推荐的战略。
