Hyman Ilene, Khan Ayesha, Effiong Iwo
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada.
Canadian Association of Community Health Centres, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Mar 26;22(4):493. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22040493.
This study examines the barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination among immigrant and refugee populations, with a focus on informing primary healthcare stakeholders on effective strategies to address the health needs of these groups. Although conducted in Canada, the findings are relevant to countries facing similar challenges in promoting vaccine uptake among migrant communities.
As part of an evaluation of best practices in COVID-19 vaccination promotion and provision, data were collected using in-depth key informant interviews with a cross-section of primary care stakeholders (n = 11).
Key barriers to vaccine promotion and provision included distrust of health and government services, misinformation, lack of vaccine confidence, and access or systems-level barriers. Effective facilitators were relationship-building and equity-driven approaches, such as community engagement and development, culturally and linguistically effective communication, one-on-one supports, and collaboration with community members as valued partners and staff. These strategies were identified as best practices that enhanced vaccine confidence and uptake.
The risk and impacts of COVID-19 are disproportionately distributed worldwide, affecting migrant populations in many countries. Primary healthcare stakeholders must understand the barriers and facilitators to vaccine promotion to effectively address health inequalities. Increasing vaccine uptake and confidence among immigrant and refugee populations requires targeted and tailored approaches that are culturally responsive and equity-informed. These findings provide valuable insights for health systems globally, supporting efforts to reduce health inequities by using inclusive vaccination strategies.
本研究探讨了移民和难民群体中新冠疫苗接种的障碍与促进因素，重点是为初级医疗保健利益相关者提供有效策略，以满足这些群体的健康需求。尽管该研究在加拿大开展，但研究结果对于在促进移民社区疫苗接种方面面临类似挑战的国家具有参考价值。
作为对新冠疫苗推广与接种最佳实践评估的一部分，通过对初级保健领域的一系列利益相关者（n = 11）进行深入的关键信息人访谈来收集数据。
疫苗推广与接种的主要障碍包括对卫生和政府服务的不信任、错误信息、缺乏疫苗信心以及获取疫苗或系统层面的障碍。有效的促进因素是建立关系和公平驱动的方法，如社区参与和发展、具有文化和语言适应性的有效沟通、一对一支持以及与社区成员作为重要伙伴和工作人员进行合作。这些策略被确定为增强疫苗信心和接种率的最佳实践。
新冠疫情的风险和影响在全球分布不均，影响了许多国家的移民群体。初级医疗保健利益相关者必须了解疫苗推广的障碍与促进因素，以有效解决健康不平等问题。提高移民和难民群体的疫苗接种率和信心需要采取针对性和量身定制的方法，这些方法要具有文化适应性并基于公平原则。这些研究结果为全球卫生系统提供了宝贵的见解，支持通过采用包容性疫苗接种策略来减少健康不平等的努力。
